Symbolism: Why “INRI”?

Yesterday was the Feast of the Exultation of the Holy Cross. With that in mind, I’d like to share something that happened a few days ago. I was at Mass and, after communion, I was looking up at the large crucifix behind the altar. My eyes settled upon the sign above Jesus’ head and the thought crossed my mind:

“Huh…you know what?…I’m not really sure what ‘INRI’ stands for…”

How many thousands of crucifixes have I seen over the course of my life?!

Now, I wasn’t completely ignorant. I did remember the section of the Gospels where this sign is mentioned:

“Pilate had a notice prepared and fastened to the cross. It read: JESUS OF NAZARETH, THE KING OF THE JEWS…and the sign was written in Aramaic, Latin and Greek” – John 19:19-20

Hmm…so how exactly does “JESUS OF NAZARETH, THE KING OF THE JEWS” get reduced to “INRI”? It turns out that these are the initials of the Latin version of notice:

Iesus Nazarenus, Rex Iudaeorum
Jesus (of) Nazareth, King (of the) Jews

The meaning of this acronym is less obvious to us because, in the Latin translation, the words for “Jesus” and “Jews” don’t begin with the letter “J”, but instead start with an “I”.  Since Classical Latin doesn’t have a “J”,  an “I” is used instead.

So, next time you’re looking up at a crucifix and see the sign, you’ll know what it means. Behold your king!

“Here I stand, covered by grace
Under the blood that was shed for me
Here I kneel, before the King upon His throne
Here I bow, to worship the Lord
Enjoying his favour on my life today
Knowing that we’ll never be apart” – Here I stand, Phatfish

No compulsion in religion

A Tunisian man was recently martyred for converting from Islam to Christianity. As hard as it is to believe, video of his death was broadcast on Egyptian TV:

The footage shows a young man being held down by masked men with a knife to his throat. One man chants a number of Muslim prayers in Arabic, mostly condemning Christianity. The man holding the knife to the Christian convert’s throat begins to cut, slowly severing the head amid cries of “Allahu Akbar” (“god is great”). – GodReports

Allah says: “Let there be no compulsion in religion…”
– The Qu’ran, Surah al-Baqarah: 256

May he rest in peace. Please pray for that man and for all those in the area under persecution.

Then [Jesus] called the crowd to him along with his disciples and said: “Whoever wants to be my disciple must deny themselves and take up their cross and follow me. For whoever wants to save their life will lose it, but whoever loses their life for me and for the gospel will save it. What good is it for someone to gain the whole world, yet forfeit their soul? – Mark 8:34-36

When you get a new Dad…

A few months ago, I got a new Dad… well, sort of.

Following the retirement of one the priests in our Eparchy (the Eastern name for a Diocese), our Bishop reassigned many of his priests. As a result of this shuffle, our Pastor was sent to Denver and our parish given to a new priest.

This kind of situation occurs periodically in the life of a Catholic parish. A few years after I started attending my Byzantine church, the Bishop assigned our Pastor to the role of Rector at our Seminary in Pittsburg. Fr. Robert had been at the parish for many years. He had been our spiritual father for a long time and had married and baptized many in our parish. As a result, his transfer was quite a wrench for us.

Although these periods of transition can be rather painful, on the whole, I think this is good for the spiritual health of the parish. By having our priests changed every few years, we are taught a certain level of detachment and are given some inoculation against a cult of personality which may form around a particularly charismatic minister. It also offers us periodic opportunities for parish renewal. Most of all though, it reminds us of what is transient and what is unchangeable. The man standing at the altar may differ, but the Eucharist remains the same.

For from the rising of the sun to its setting my name is great among the nations, and in every place incense is offered to my name, and a pure offering; for my name is great among the nations, says the Lord of hosts

Malachi 1:11

Vatican Wealth

Several times recently I’ve had people speak to me about “the wealth of the Vatican”, either implying it’s wrong for the Church to have money or just openly condemning it. It is declared that it is hypocritical and somehow contrary to the teaching of Jesus. A lot could be said on this subject, but I would just like to briefly make a few points…

scrooge_mcduck

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The Great Divorce: Chapter 8

Summary

After his interaction with the Hard-Bitten Ghost, Lewis is left sitting on a stone by the river feeling utterly miserable at the thought that the Solid People may, in fact, be malevolent, and he wrestled with the question as to why the Solid People did not do more to help those in the Grey Town. Could it be that they just came down to the plain to mock the ghosts?

He thinks of the punishment of Tantalus in deepest Hades, who is made to stand in a pool of water underneath a fruit tree’s branches, with the fruit always just out of reach and the water receding before he could drink it. He thinks of Revelation 14:11. He thinks of William Cowper who, upon realizing that he is dreaming and is, in fact, doomed to perdition says “These are the sharpest arrows in His quiver”.

The sense of danger he felt upon coming to this land returns with full force. “Terror whispered, ‘This is no place for you'”. He walks away from the river towards a thicket of trees in the hope of some kind of safety.

Thirty minutes later, he comes into “a little clearing with some bushes in the centre”. A Ghost enters, “a well-dressed woman…but its shadows of finery looked ghastly in the morning light”. She tries to hide by pressing herself against the bushes.

One of the Bright People enters and the Ghost squeals at him to go away. The ghost points out that she’s heading in the wrong direction, away from the mountains. He suggests that she could lean on him in the journey to ease the hurt of her feet.

The ghost responds that she can’t go “out there among all those people, like this” and says she’d never have come at all if I’d known you were all going to be dressed like that”. When asked to explain herself she says How can I go out like this among a lot of people with real solid bodies? It’s far worse than going out with nothing on would have been
on earth. Have everyone staring through me.”

The Solid Person explains that “we were all a bit ghostly when we first arrived, you know. That’ll wear off. Just come out and try.” The ghost says she’d “rather die”. She says she wish she’d never been born and asks “What are we born for?”, to which the ghost responds “For infinite happiness… You can step out into it at any moment”

The ghost continues to protest, but the Solid Person compares shame to liquids too hot to touch, but not too hot to drink: “Shame is like that. If you will accept it-if you will drink the cup to the bottom-you will find it very nourishing: but try to do anything else with it and it scalds.”

Although momentarily tempted to trust the Solid Person, but returns to her complaining. The Spirit asks “Could you, only for a moment, fix your mind on something not
yourself?” but to no avail. He therefore blows a horn which results in “A herd of unicorns came thundering through the glades: twenty-seven hands high the smallest of them and white as swans but for the red gleam in eyes and nostrils and the flashing indigo of their horns” The Ghost screams and Lewis says he thinks she makes a bolt towards the Spirit, but he himself fled from the scene.

Questions

Q1. Why is Lewis feeling dejected at the beginning of this chapter? What questions does he have?

Q2. What is the problem with the ghost he sees in this chapter? What is her primary concern?

Q3. What does the Solid Person offer to the ghost? What does he say will happen in time?

Q4. Why does the Solid Person call the unicorns?

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Audio Rosary

So, a while back, my fiancée (back in the days when she was just my girlfriend) said she wanted me to record the rosary onto MP3 for her.

Well, our anniversary is coming up this week, so I thought now would be a good time to finally do it. So today I’m going to do four posts, one for each set of mysteries. Here’s the RSS feed:

http://feeds.feedburner.com/AudioRosary

UPDATE (10th May 2020): I have also added The Divine Mercy Chaplet.

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