{"id":4931,"date":"2011-09-06T07:10:23","date_gmt":"2011-09-06T14:10:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/?p=4931"},"modified":"2015-03-19T14:50:46","modified_gmt":"2015-03-19T21:50:46","slug":"sunday-lectionary-2011-09-11","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/2011\/09\/06\/sunday-lectionary-2011-09-11\/","title":{"rendered":"Sunday Lectionary: September 11, 2011"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em><span style=\"color: #888888\">There&#8217;s not too much technical stuff to focus on in this week&#8217;s Mass Readings. My suggestion is to use the readings as a springboard to invite people in the study group to talk about their struggles, successes and failures in relation to that tough subject of forgiveness.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<h2>Twenty-Fourth Sunday of Ordinary Time<\/h2>\n<p>Last week&#8217;s\u00a0Mass Readings concerned themselves with the restoration of brothers and sisters who have fallen into sin. This week&#8217;s Readings build on those of last week, focussing upon forgiveness, its centrality to the Gospel and its necessity in God&#8217;s covenant community.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>&#8220;There is no offense, however serious, that the Church cannot forgive. There is no one, however wicked and guilty, who may not confidently hope for forgiveness, provided his repentance is honest. Christ who died for all men desires that in his Church the gates of forgiveness should always be open to anyone who turns away from sin&#8221; &#8211; Catechism of the Catholic Church, Paragraph 982<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Reading I:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.usccb.org\/bible\/scripture.cfm?bk=Sirach&amp;ch=27&amp;v=28027007#28027007\">Sirach 27:30-28:7<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Our First Reading comes from the book of Sirach. This book is one of the books which was removed from the Bible by non-Catholics at the time of the Reformation in the 16th Century. Non-Catholics refer to this collection of books as the Apocrypha, whereas Catholics refer to them as the Deuterocanonical books. Other books in this collection include Tobit, Wisdom and 1 &amp; 2 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=qSJCSR4MuhU\">Maccabees<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The link between this First Reading and the Gospel passage is clear: if you would like the Lord&#8217;s forgiveness and mercy, you should treat others with forgiveness and mercy.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;Wrath and anger are hateful things,\u00a0yet the sinner hugs them tight.\u00a0The vengeful will suffer the LORD&#8217;s vengeance,\u00a0for he remembers their sins in detail.\u00a0Forgive your neighbor&#8217;s injustice;\u00a0then when you pray, your own sins will be forgiven.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">Could anyone nourish anger against another\u00a0and expect healing from the LORD?\u00a0Could anyone refuse mercy to another like himself,\u00a0can he seek pardon for his own sins?\u00a0If one who is but flesh cherishes wrath,\u00a0who will forgive his sins?<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">Remember your last days, set enmity aside;\u00a0remember death and decay, and cease from sin!\u00a0Think of the commandments, hate not your neighbor;\u00a0remember the Most High&#8217;s covenant, and overlook faults&#8221;<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4970\" src=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/09\/forgiveness.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"262\" srcset=\"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/09\/forgiveness.jpg 350w, https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/09\/forgiveness-300x224.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Possible Questions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>How does the author describe the sinner&#8217;s relationship to wrath and anger?\u00a0What can we learn from this?<\/li>\n<li>Practically speaking, what does this forgiveness look like?<\/li>\n<li>There are several rhetorical questions in this passage. What point do they make?<\/li>\n<li>What are the reasons the author gives for putting aside <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;wrath and anger&#8221;<\/span><\/em> and <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;enmity&#8221;<\/span><\/em>?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!--more-->Commentary:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;Wrath and anger are hateful things,\u00a0yet the sinner hugs them tight&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">The imagery here speaks volumes. Despite the fact we know how bad it is for us, we cling tightly onto pain and anger. We do this following the misguided notion that somehow this benefits us and hurts our enemies.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;The vengeful will suffer the LORD&#8217;s vengeance&#8230;&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">You will be receive from the Lord what you dished out to others.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;&#8230;for he remembers their sins in detail&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Don&#8217;t think that the Lord will forget how you treated others, He won&#8217;t.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;Forgive your neighbor&#8217;s injustice;\u00a0then when you pray, your own sins will be forgiven&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Forgive and you will be forgiven.\u00a0If you recall, we encountered a similar sentiment when we read the letters of St. Ignatius:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>&#8220;Bear with all, just as the Lord does with you&#8221; &#8211; Letter of St. Ignatius to St. Polycarp<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span class=\"Apple-style-span\" style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;Could anyone nourish anger against another\u00a0and expect healing from the LORD?&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Rhetorical Question #1. The obvious answer is &#8220;No&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Look at the word being used here:\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;nourish&#8221;<\/em><\/span>. What we nourish, becomes strong. If I nourish anger it will grow and I will become an angry person.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">We have to be a little careful here. I would\u00a0interpret\u00a0this <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;healing&#8221;<\/span><\/em> to primarily refer to the healing of the soul, although there is a logical extension to the healing of the body. We get into all kinds of problems here if we assume that all continued sickness and illness are due to sin and unforgiveness. The antidote to this kind of thinking is the Book of Job&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;Could anyone refuse mercy to another like himself,\u00a0can he seek pardon for his own sins?&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Rhetorical Question #2. It would appear the answer is &#8220;No&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;If one who is but flesh cherishes wrath,\u00a0who will forgive his sins?&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Rhetorical Question #3. The author implies the answer is &#8220;Nobody&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Also, look at the word used here:\u00a0<em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;cherish&#8221;<\/span><\/em>. What we cherish is what we hold close to our hearts and what we value above all else. If we cherish wrath we will consistently choose it over mercy.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span class=\"Apple-style-span\" style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;Remember your last days, set enmity aside;\u00a0remember death and decay, and cease from sin!&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">You will some day die and have to stand before God&#8217;s throne of judgement &#8211; let that vision have its sobering effect!<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;You, then, why do you judge your brother or sister? Or why do you treat them with contempt? For we will all stand before God\u2019s judgment seat&#8221; &#8211; Romans 14:10, 12<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">This infusion of reality should cause us to set grudges and sin aside.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;Think of the commandments, hate not your neighbor;\u00a0remember the Most High&#8217;s covenant, and overlook faults&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">The author is inviting his readers to focus on God and to order their interactions with their neighbours according to that relationship.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Sirach was written with the Old Covenant in mind. As Christians, however, we can read this passage&#8217;s final line in light of Christ: His command to love and His new and everlasting covenant in His blood.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Responsorial Psalm:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.usccb.org\/bible\/scripture.cfm?bk=Psalms&amp;ch=103&amp;v=23103001#23103001\">Ps 103:1-2, 3-4, 9-10, 11-12<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>This psalm speaks of God&#8217;s character &#8211; kind, merciful, slow to anger, rich in compassion&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">R. (8)\u00a0<strong>The Lord is kind and merciful, slow to anger, and rich in compassion.<\/strong><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">Bless the LORD, O my soul;<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<em><span style=\"color: #993300\">and all my being, bless his holy name.<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<em><span style=\"color: #993300\">Bless the LORD, O my soul,<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<em><span style=\"color: #993300\">and forget not all his benefits.<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em><br \/>\n<\/em><\/span><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">He pardons all your iniquities,<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<em><span style=\"color: #993300\">heals all your ills.<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<em><span style=\"color: #993300\">redeems your life from destruction,<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<em><span style=\"color: #993300\">he crowns you with kindness and compassion.<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em><br \/>\n<\/em><\/span><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">He will not always chide,<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<em><span style=\"color: #993300\">nor does he keep his wrath forever.<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<em><span style=\"color: #993300\">Not according to our sins does he deal with us,<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<em><span style=\"color: #993300\">nor does he requite us according to our crimes.<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em><br \/>\n<\/em><\/span><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">For as the heavens are high above the earth,<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<em><span style=\"color: #993300\">so surpassing is his kindness toward those who fear him.<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<em><span style=\"color: #993300\">As far as the east is from the west,<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<em><span style=\"color: #993300\">so far has he put our transgressions from us.<\/span><\/em><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em><br \/>\n<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Possible Questions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>How does the psalmist describe the Lord?<\/li>\n<li>How does God treat us in relation to our sin? What do you make of this?<\/li>\n<li>What does God do with our sin?<\/li>\n<li>Why do you think the psalmist chooses <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;east&#8230;[and] west&#8221;<\/span><\/em>, rather than north and south?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Commentary:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;The Lord is kind and merciful, slow to anger, and rich in compassion&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">The psalmist asserts that God&#8217;s central character is one of love and mercy.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;<em>O my soul&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">A typical Hebrew way of addressing oneself.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;He pardons all your iniquities,<\/em>\u00a0<em>heals all your ills.<\/em>\u00a0<em>redeems your life from destruction,<\/em>\u00a0<em>he crowns you with kindness and compassion&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">This describes the restorative,\u00a0salvific\u00a0work of the Lord<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;He will not always chide,<\/em>\u00a0<em>nor does he keep his wrath forever&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">God&#8217;s wrath is always associated with His justice and righteousness. It is always tempered by His mercy. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=yCAJYLV4LWc&amp;t=3m10s\">Justice and mercy meet at the cross.<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;Not according to our sins does he deal with us,<\/em>\u00a0<em>nor does he requite us according to our crimes&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Even when God punishes, He doesn&#8217;t punish us as we truly deserve &#8211; He is constantly staying His hand, giving us chance after chance to repent and turn back to Him.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">In the light of Christ we can truly say that God does not deal with us according to our sins, thanks to the atoning sacrifice of Christ.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;For as the heavens are high above the earth,<\/em>\u00a0<em>so surpassing is his kindness toward those who fear him&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">God&#8217;s goodness is expressed with dramatic scale.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;As far as the east is from the west,<\/em>\u00a0<em>so far has he put our transgressions from us&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">What a rich phrase! Here is what Mark Hall, lead singer of the greatest band in the world, Casting Crowns, has to say on the subject:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;text-align: center\"><span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"860\" height=\"484\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/8nh5dxe9Uow?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en-US&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">You can only go so far north before you start going south. However, if you start going eastwards you continue going eastwards forever. Likewise, if you start going westwards you continue going westwards forever. The distance between east and west is therefore infinite. This is how far Christ has separated us from our sin.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">It&#8217;s also quite easy to see here imagery of Christ&#8217;s arms spread out on the cross, opening up from east to west, <em>&#8220;&#8230;from one scarred hand to the other&#8230;&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;text-align: center\"><span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"860\" height=\"484\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/WyoVJfADlwo?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en-US&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Reading II: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.usccb.org\/bible\/scripture.cfm?bk=Romans&amp;ch=14&amp;v=53014007#53014007\">Romans 14:7-9<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>If you recall, last week we read St. Paul&#8217;s assertion that love of neighbour\u00a0fulfills\u00a0the Law.<\/p>\n<p>Today&#8217;s reading is from a later section of Romans in which Paul is exhorting his readers to live a life completely focused on Jesus. He encourages the Romans to live a life so oriented around Jesus that if we live <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;we live for the Lord&#8221;<\/span><\/em> and if we die <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;we die for the Lord&#8221;<\/span><\/em>. If you recall, this echos what we read in our recent study of the letter to the Philippians:\u00a0<em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;&#8230;to live is Christ, to die is gain&#8221;\u00a0&#8211; Philippians 1:21<\/span><\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">Brothers and sisters:<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">None of us lives for oneself, and no one dies for oneself.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">For if we live, we live for the Lord,<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">and if we die, we die for the Lord;<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">so then, whether we live or die, we are the Lord&#8217;s.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">For this is why Christ died and came to life,<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">that he might be Lord of both the dead and the living.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Possible Questions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>What kind of life does Paul describe here?<\/li>\n<li>Why are we <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;the Lord&#8217;s&#8221;<\/span><\/em>? What does this mean concerning the way that we live our lives?<\/li>\n<li>What is the reason Paul gives for Christ dying and rising again? What do you make of this?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Commentary:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;Brothers and sisters&#8230;&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Paul is addressing Christians here, not unbelivers.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;None of us lives for oneself, and no one dies for oneself&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">St. Bernard of Clairvaux said:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;He who is his own master is the disciple of a fool&#8221;<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">In this verse Paul is describing what egocentric living looks like.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;For if we live, we live for the Lord,\u00a0and if we die, we die for the Lord;\u00a0so then, whether we live or die, we are the Lord&#8217;s&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Paul is now describing Christ-centered living. We belong to Christ in both life and death because we have been purchased by God:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>&#8220;Do you not know that your bodies are temples of the Holy Spirit, who is in you, whom you have received from God? You are not your own;\u00a0you were bought at a price&#8221; &#8211; 1 Corinthians 6:19-20<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">And what was this price? It was Christ&#8217;s blood:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;And they sang a new song, saying:<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><em><span style=\"color: #000000\">\u00a0 \u00a0&#8216;You are worthy to take the scroll\u00a0<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<em><span style=\"color: #000000\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0and to open its seals,\u00a0<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<em><span style=\"color: #000000\">because you were slain,\u00a0<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<em><span style=\"color: #000000\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0and with your blood you purchased for God\u00a0<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<em><span style=\"color: #000000\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0persons from every tribe and language and people and nation'&#8221; &#8211; Revelation 5:9<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span class=\"Apple-style-span\" style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;For this is why Christ died and came to life,\u00a0that he might be Lord of both the dead and the living.&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Christ is over all, through all and in all.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Gospel: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.usccb.org\/bible\/scripture.cfm?bk=Matthew&amp;ch=18&amp;v=48018021#48018021\">Matthew 18:21-35<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Last week Jesus explained the process by which people are corrected within the Church. Following on from this, Peter asks a good question: how often should this forgiveness be offered?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">Peter approached Jesus and asked him,<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;Lord, if my brother sins against me,<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">how often must I forgive?<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">As many as seven times?&#8221;\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">Jesus answered, &#8220;I say to you, not seven times but seventy-seven times.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #993300\">That is why the kingdom of heaven may be likened to a king<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">who decided to settle accounts with his servants. <\/span><span style=\"color: #993300\">When he began the accounting,\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #993300\">a debtor was brought before him who owed him a huge amount. <\/span><span style=\"color: #993300\">Since he had no way of paying it back,<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">his master ordered him to be sold,<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">along with his wife, his children, and all his property,\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #993300\">in payment of the debt. <\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">At that, the servant fell down, did him homage, and said,<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8216;Be patient with me, and I will pay you back in full.&#8217;\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #993300\">Moved with compassion the master of that servant\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #993300\">let him go and forgave him the loan.\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">When that servant had left, he found one of his fellow servants\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #993300\">who owed him a much smaller amount. <\/span><span style=\"color: #993300\">He seized him and started to choke him, demanding,\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8216;Pay back what you owe.&#8217;\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #993300\">Falling to his knees, his fellow servant begged him,\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8216;Be patient with me, and I will pay you back.&#8217;\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #993300\">But he refused.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #993300\">Instead, he had the fellow servant put in prison\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #993300\">until he paid back the debt.\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">Now when his fellow servants saw what had happened,<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">they were deeply disturbed, and went to their master<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">and reported the whole affair. <\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">His master summoned him and said to him, &#8216;You wicked servant! <\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">I forgave you your entire debt because you begged me to.\u00a0<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<em> <span style=\"color: #993300\">Should you not have had pity on your fellow servant,<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">as I had pity on you?&#8217;<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">Then in anger his master handed him over to the torturers<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<em> <span style=\"color: #993300\">until he should pay back the whole debt.\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">So will my heavenly Father do to you,<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">unless each of you forgives your brother from your heart.&#8221;<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Possible Questions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>What question does Peter ask?<\/li>\n<li>What possible answer does Peter suggest? What do you think Peter thought of this answer?<\/li>\n<li>What is Jesus&#8217; answer? What does He mean by it?<\/li>\n<li>What parable does Jesus then tell?<\/li>\n<li>What should the servant have done with the person who owed him money?<\/li>\n<li>In refusing to offer forgiveness, what we do we deny ourselves?<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tricky question: We are approaching the 9-11 anniversary. A while ago there was a media storm when it was discovered that a parish was saying Masses for Osama Bin Laden. In light of today&#8217;s passages, what do you make of this?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Tricky question: what does forgiveness actually look like? Is it an emotion? A decision?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Tricky question: how can we forgive while not encouraging\u00a0irresponsibility in others?<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Commentary:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;Lord, if my<em>\u00a0brother sins against me,\u00a0how often must I forgive?\u00a0As many as seven times?&#8221;\u00a0<\/em><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Good ol&#8217; Peter &#8211; what generosity! Seven times! Actually, at the time, this was quite generous. Typically, three or four chances were deemed acceptable:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><em><span style=\"color: #000000\">\u201cFor three sins of Damascus,\u00a0even for four, I will not turn back my wrath&#8230;&#8221; &#8211; Amos 1:3\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Why did Peter choose the number seven? Quite likely because, in the Old Testament, the number seven i often associated with forgiveness and mercy:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;He shall sprinkle some of the blood on it with his finger seven times to cleanse it and to consecrate it from the uncleanness of the Israelites&#8221; &#8211; Leviticus 16:19<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Maybe Peter was thinking of handling what Proverbs describes:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;&#8230;for though the righteous fall seven times, they rise again&#8221; &#8211; Proverbs 24:16<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;I say to you, not seven times but seventy-seven times&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">There are some textual variations here. Some manuscripts say <em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;seventy times seven&#8221;<\/span><\/em>. \u00a0However, the variance is irrelevant, since Jesus&#8217; meaning remains the same: you must forgive your brother infinitely.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Contrast Jesus&#8217; words with what Lamach says about his unlimited\u00a0vengeance\u00a0on anyone who crosses him:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><em><span style=\"color: #000000\">\u00a0Lamech said to his wives,<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><em><span style=\"color: #000000\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u201cAdah and Zillah, listen to me;\u00a0<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<em><span style=\"color: #000000\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0wives of Lamech, hear my words.\u00a0<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<em><span style=\"color: #000000\">I have killed a man for wounding me,\u00a0<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<em><span style=\"color: #000000\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0a young man for injuring me.\u00a0<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<em><span style=\"color: #000000\">If Cain is avenged seven times,\u00a0<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<em><span style=\"color: #000000\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0then Lamech seventy-seven times.\u201d &#8211; Genesis 4:23-24<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;&#8230;<em>a debtor was brought before him who owed him a huge amount&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">The text here literally says 10, 000 talents. To put that into context for the age:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">1 Talent = 6,000 Denarii = 20 years&#8217; wages for a laborer.<br \/>\n10,000 Talents is therefore 200,000 years&#8217; wages!<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">So, let&#8217;s try and put that into today&#8217;s terms&#8230; If we assume that a San Diegan minimum wage worker earns $8 an hour and works 40 hours a week he will earn approximately $15,000 per year. The wages of 200,000 years would therefore equate to roughly $3,000,000,000. Three billion dollars&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;text-align: center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-4967 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/09\/dr_evil-300x155.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"155\" srcset=\"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/09\/dr_evil-300x155.jpg 300w, https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/09\/dr_evil.jpg 848w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Such a large value is used here to emphasize both the servant&#8217;s inability to pay and also the king&#8217;s mercy in forgiving such a loan.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;<em>Since he had no way of paying it back,\u00a0his master ordered him to be sold,\u00a0along with his wife, his children, and all his property,\u00a0in payment of the debt&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">This was not an unusual practice in the ancient world.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>&#8220;If any of your fellow Israelites become poor and sell themselves to you, do not make them work as slaves.\u00a0They are to be treated as hired workers or temporary residents among you; they are to work for you until the Year of Jubilee&#8221; &#8211; Leviticus 25:39-40<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;<em>At that, the servant fell down, did him homage, and said,\u00a0&#8216;Be patient with me, and I will pay you back in full.'&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">A cry of mercy is compassionately received. Do you remember the Gospel story of the Canaanite women from a few weeks ago? <span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>&#8220;Even the dogs eat the scraps which fall from the master&#8217;s table&#8230;&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;Moved with compassion the master of that servant\u00a0let him go and forgave him the loan&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">He doesn&#8217;t just get an extension on the loan &#8211; it was forgiven!<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;<em>When that servant had left, he found one of his fellow servants\u00a0who owed him a much smaller amount&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Again, the Greek text has a literal amount &#8211; 100 denarii. This was about three months&#8217; wages. In comparison to the earlier debt, it&#8217;s nothing.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span class=\"Apple-style-span\" style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;<em>But he refused.\u00a0Instead, he had the fellow servant put in prison\u00a0until he paid back the debt. &#8220;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Remember the Second Reading from last week?\u00a0<em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;Owe nothing but a debt of love to one another&#8230;&#8221;<\/span>.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">The servant here demonstrates a complete lack of mercy. Of this, St. James says:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;Judgment without mercy will be shown to anyone who has not been merciful. Mercy triumphs over judgment&#8221; &#8211;\u00a0James 2:13<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">In this parable we see God as the king who has forgiven us our great debt of sin. We should therefore forgive others too. There is nothing\u00a0our neighbour can do which outweighs what God has forgiven us.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;<em>Now when his fellow servants saw what had happened,\u00a0they were deeply disturbed, and went to their master\u00a0and reported the whole affair&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">In the First Reading we heard that the Lord\u00a0<span class=\"Apple-style-span\" style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;&#8230;<em>remembers their sins in detail&#8221;<\/em>.<\/span><span class=\"Apple-style-span\"> In this parable too, the king has knowledge of his servant&#8217;s sin. When we sin, how often do we delude ourselves into thinking that God will somehow not notice?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;I forgave you your entire debt because you begged me to. <\/em><em>Should you not have had pity on your fellow servant,\u00a0as I had pity on you?&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">This is the same kind of question that was asked in the First Reading.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;<em>Then in anger his master handed him over to the torturers<\/em>\u00a0<em>until he should pay back the whole debt. &#8220;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">Ouch.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;So will my heavenly Father do to you,\u00a0unless each of you forgives your brother from your heart&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">This is our great responsibility.\u00a0If we are forgiven by God of our eternal debt, out of gratitude we too should forgive. To do otherwise is, quite frankly, crazy&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><em><span style=\"color: #000000\">Thus the Lord&#8217;s words on forgiveness, the love that loves to the end, become a living reality. The parable of the merciless servant, which crowns the Lord&#8217;s teaching on ecclesial communion, ends with these words: &#8220;So also my heavenly Father will do to every one of you, if you do not forgive your brother from your heart.&#8221; It is there, in fact, &#8220;in the depths of the heart,&#8221; that everything is bound and loosed. It is not in our power not to feel or to forget an offense; but the heart that offers itself to the Holy Spirit turns injury into compassion and purifies the memory in transforming the hurt into intercession. &#8211; Catechism of the Catholic Church, Paragraph 2843<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/09\/Unforgiveness-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-4969\" src=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/09\/Unforgiveness-1-300x277.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"277\" srcset=\"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/09\/Unforgiveness-1-300x277.jpg 300w, https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/09\/Unforgiveness-1.jpg 470w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There&#8217;s not too much technical stuff to focus on in this week&#8217;s Mass Readings. My suggestion is to use the readings as a springboard to invite people in the study group to talk about their struggles, successes and failures in relation to that tough subject of forgiveness. Twenty-Fourth Sunday of Ordinary Time Last week&#8217;s\u00a0Mass Readings concerned themselves with the restoration<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[2969,389,390],"class_list":["post-4931","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-faith","tag-featured","tag-forgiveness","tag-siarch"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4931","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4931"}],"version-history":[{"count":26,"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4931\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":56369,"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4931\/revisions\/56369"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4931"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4931"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4931"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}