{"id":13165,"date":"2012-07-25T12:00:05","date_gmt":"2012-07-25T19:00:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/?p=13165"},"modified":"2015-03-19T15:38:42","modified_gmt":"2015-03-19T22:38:42","slug":"blessed-and-broken","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/2012\/07\/25\/blessed-and-broken\/","title":{"rendered":"Sunday Lectionary: Blessed and Broken"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Seventeenth Sunday in Ordinary Time: 29th July, 2012<\/h2>\n<p>The Readings this week focus on God&#8217;s gracious provision and in the First Reading and the Gospel this gracious provision is manifested through bread.<\/p>\n<p>In the First Reading, bread is multiplied by the Prophet Elisha and in the Gospel, bread is multiplied at the hands of Jesus. These Readings teach us trust in God, to proclaim with the psalmist that <span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;<\/span><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">The hand of the Lord feeds us; he answers all our needs&#8221;<\/span>. <\/em>Both of these miracles allude to the Eucharist, pointing towards the time when Jesus will be consumed throughout the world under the appearance of bread and wine.<\/p>\n<p>In our Second Reading St. Paul tells us that Christians are called to be united in <span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;<\/span><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">one body&#8230;one Spirit&#8230;one hope&#8230;one Lord, one faith, one baptism;\u00a0one God and Father&#8221;<\/span>. <\/em>This oneness and Church unity finds its clearest expression in the Eucharist. At the Mass, we come together as God&#8217;s family, and because though <span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;many, [we are] are\u00a0one\u00a0body, for we all share the\u00a0one\u00a0loaf&#8221;<\/em><\/span> (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=1%20Corinthians+10:17&amp;version=NIV\">1 Corinthains 10:17<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>As we gather together at the Liturgy this week, let us be mindful that the whole family of God, both in Heaven and on earth, is gathering together\u00a0with us. United as one, we celebrate the Lord&#8217;s Resurrection and are once again fed by the hand of the Lord<em>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>There He is: King of kings and Lord of lords, hidden in the bread. To this extreme He humbled Himself for love of you<\/em> \u2013St. Josemaria Escriva<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-13159\" src=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/bread.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/bread.jpg 400w, https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/bread-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<!--more--><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Reading I: 2 Kings 4:42-44<\/h3>\n<p>The books of 1 &amp; 2 Kings cover the period of time from King David&#8217;s death to the end of the monarchy with King Zedekiah of Judah.<\/p>\n<p>Within the pages of these books we encounter the great Prophet Elijah (<span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>&#8220;My God is Yahweh&#8221;<\/em><\/span>). His ministry comes to an end in\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=2%20Kings%202:11&amp;version=NIV\">2 Kings 2:11<\/a>\u00a0when he is assumed into Heaven, but only after he has commissioned a successor, the Prophet Elisha\u00a0(<span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>&#8220;God has saved&#8221;<\/em><\/span>).<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_13158\" style=\"width: 200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13158\" class=\" wp-image-13158  \" src=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/elijah-wood.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"190\" height=\"238\" srcset=\"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/elijah-wood.jpg 340w, https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/elijah-wood-240x300.jpg 240w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 190px) 100vw, 190px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-13158\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Elisha was a disciple of Elijah&#8230; but Not this Elijah&#8230;and Elisha fed the people with food that was even better than <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Middle-earth_food_and_drink\">Lembas bread<\/a>&#8230;<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Today we hear about a miracle worked at the hands of Elijah&#8217;s prot\u00e9g\u00e9\u00a0that should seem\u00a0eerily\u00a0familiar to anyone familiar with the life of Jesus&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">A man came from Baal-shalishah bringing to Elisha, the man of God, twenty barley loaves made from the firstfruits, and fresh grain in the ear. Elisha said, &#8220;Give it to the people to eat.&#8221; But his servant objected, &#8220;How can I set this before a hundred people?&#8221; Elisha insisted, &#8220;Give it to the people to eat.&#8221; &#8220;For thus says the LORD, &#8216;They shall eat and there shall be some left over.'&#8221; And when they had eaten, there was some left over, as the LORD had said.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Questions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Of what New Testament event does this remind you?<\/li>\n<li>What are the <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;firstfruits&#8221;<\/span><\/em> mentioned? Why was Elisha receiving them?<\/li>\n<li>Who is Elisha?<\/li>\n<li>What instruction does he give concerning the bread?<\/li>\n<li>What was the outcome?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Commentary:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>A man came from Baal-shalishah&#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">This place is thought to be located in Samaria. <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;Baal&#8221;<\/span><\/em> means <em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;Lord&#8221;<\/span><\/em> and <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;shalishah&#8221;<\/span><\/em> most likely means\u00a0<em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;third&#8221;<\/span><\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;bringing to Elisha, the man of God, &#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The name <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;Elisha&#8221;<\/span><\/em> means <span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>&#8220;God has saved&#8221;<\/em><\/span>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;twenty barley loaves made from the firstfruits, &#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">This food would have been\u00a0gratefully\u00a0received as it was a time of scarcity:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Elisha returned to Gilgal\u00a0and there was a famine\u00a0in that region<\/em> &#8211; 2 Kings 4:38<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;firstfruits&#8221;<\/span><\/em>\u00a0referred to here would have been the tithe commanded by Moses to support the religious leaders of Israel:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>\u00a0You are to give [the Levitical priests] the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">firstfruits<\/span> of your grain, new wine and olive oil, and the first wool from the shearing of your sheep<\/em> &#8211;\u00a0Deuteronomy 18:4<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">However, rather than bringing the firstfruits to the apostate priests setup by King Jeroboam\u00a0in Bethel and Dan, this man brings them to Elisha.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8230;<em>and fresh grain in the ear.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Some unprocessed grain was also presented.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Elisha said, &#8220;Give it to the people to eat.&#8221;\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Rather than keeping the bread for himself, Elisha orders that it be shared.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>But his servant objected, &#8220;How can I set this before a hundred people?&#8221; Elisha insisted, &#8220;Give it to the people to eat.&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The servant doubts, but Elisha is resolute.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>The Man from Baal Shalisha<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>What matter though our loaves be few?<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>Alike the little and the much<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>When He shall add to what we have<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>His multiplying touch.<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8211; Poem by Annie Johnson Flint<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;For thus says the LORD, &#8216;They shall eat and there shall be some left over.'&#8221; <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The Word of God is spoken.\u00a0Elisha predicts that everyone will eat and there will even be some left over.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>And when they had eaten, there was some left over, as the LORD had said.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">What the Lord spoke through Elisha came true.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Responsorial Psalm: Psalm 145:10-11, 15-16, 17-18<\/h3>\n<p>Our psalm this week perfectly fits in with the theme of God&#8217;s provision described in our First Reading and Gospel.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\"><strong>R. (cf. 16) The hand of the Lord feeds us; he answers all our needs.<\/strong><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">Let all your works give you thanks, O LORD, and let your faithful ones bless you. Let them discourse of the glory of your kingdom and speak of your might.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">The eyes of all look hopefully to you, and you give them their food in due season; you open your hand and satisfy the desire of every living thing.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">The LORD is just in all his ways and holy in all his works. The LORD is near to all who call upon him, to all who call upon him in truth.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-13162\" src=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/wheat-field.jpg\" alt=\"wheat field\" width=\"560\" height=\"374\" srcset=\"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/wheat-field.jpg 800w, https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/wheat-field-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 560px) 100vw, 560px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Questions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>According to the psalmist, who feeds us?<\/li>\n<li>What is the appropriate response?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Commentary:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em><strong>R. (cf. 16) The hand of the Lord feeds us; he answers all our needs.<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Provision ultimately comes from the Lord. The Lord is good and generous.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Let all your works give you thanks, O LORD, and let your faithful ones bless you. Let them discourse of the glory of your kingdom and speak of your might.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The appropriate response to God&#8217;s goodness is thanksgiving and the blessing of God.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>The eyes of all look hopefully to you, and you give them their food in due season; you open your hand and satisfy the desire of every living thing.\u00a0<em>The LORD is just in all his ways and holy in all his works. The LORD is near to all who call upon him, to all who call upon him in truth.<\/em><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Our dependence upon the Lord is reiterated.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a id=\"secondReading\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Reading II: Ephesians 4:1-6<\/h3>\n<p>For the last two weeks, our Second Reading has been drawn from the Letter to the Ephesians and this week is no exception! We now arrive at the point in the letter when Paul has finished his doctrinal exposition and now turns to exhortation, applying the theology discussed earlier in the letter.<\/p>\n<p>In this passage Paul talks about the unity of the Church and always reminds me of Jesus&#8217;\u00a0High Priestly prayer on the night of His arrest:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>\u201c&#8230;I pray also for those who will believe in me through their message,\u00a0that <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">all of them may be one<\/span>,\u00a0Father,\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">just as you are in me and I am in you<\/span>.\u00a0May they also be in us so that the world may believe that you have sent me. I\u00a0have given them the glory that you gave me,\u00a0that <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">they may be one as we are one<\/span>\u2014\u00a0I in them and you in me\u2014so that they may be\u00a0brought to <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">complete unity<\/span>. Then the world will know that you sent me\u00a0and have loved them\u00a0even as you have loved me.\u00a0<\/em>&#8211;\u00a0John 17:20-23<\/span><\/p>\n<p>This is probably my favourite passage from Ephesians. Enjoy \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">Brothers and sisters:<\/span> <span style=\"color: #993300\">I, a prisoner for the Lord,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #993300\">urge you to live in a manner worthy of the call you have received,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #993300\">with all humility and gentleness, with patience,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #993300\">bearing with one another through love,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #993300\">striving to preserve the unity of the spirit through the bond of peace:<\/span> <span style=\"color: #993300\">one body and one Spirit,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #993300\">as you were also called to the one hope of your call;<\/span> <span style=\"color: #993300\">one Lord, one faith, one baptism;<\/span> <span style=\"color: #993300\">one God and Father of all,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #993300\">who is over all and through all and in all.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-13160\" src=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/christian-unity.gif\" alt=\"christian unity\" width=\"368\" height=\"279\" srcset=\"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/christian-unity.gif 525w, https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/christian-unity-300x227.gif 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 368px) 100vw, 368px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Questions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>From where is Paul writing this epistle?<\/li>\n<li>To what does Paul exhort his readers?<\/li>\n<li>How many times does Paul use the word <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;one&#8221;<\/span><\/em>?<\/li>\n<li>How are Christians united?<\/li>\n<li>How does this passage relate to the other Readings? (How is this unity found in the Eucharist?)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Commentary:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Brothers and sisters: I, a prisoner for the Lord, &#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The letter to the Ephesians is one of Paul&#8217;s <a href=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/2012\/07\/21\/the-shape-of-the-new-testament\/\">prison epistles<\/a>. Paul is most likely in Rome when he is writing this.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><em>(One might also read this spiritually, seeing that Jesus has captured Paul&#8217;s heart)<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;urge you to live in a manner worthy of the call you have received, &#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The Christian is called to be a child of God and his life should be lived in\u00a0accordance with the splendor of this calling.\u00a0A Christian&#8217;s faith should make an impact upon his life, thereby completing his faith, making it fruitful and giving it life:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>You see that [Abraham&#8217;s] <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">faith and his actions were working together<\/span>,\u00a0and his\u00a0faith was <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">made complete<\/span> by what he did&#8230;<sup>\u00a0<\/sup>You see that a person is considered righteous <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">by what they do and\u00a0not by faith alone<\/span>&#8230; As the body without the spirit is dead, so\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">faith without deeds is dead<\/span>.<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; James 2:22, 24, 26<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Paul gives a very similar exhortation to the Philippians<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Whatever happens,\u00a0conduct yourselves <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">in a manner worthy\u00a0of the gospel of Christ<\/span>. Then, whether I come and see you or only hear about you in my absence, I will know that you\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">stand firm\u00a0in the one Spirit<\/span>,\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">striving together\u00a0as one<\/span>\u00a0for the faith of the gospel<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; Philippians 1:27<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">As we can see, the way in which the Christian maintained the unity of the Church was very important to Paul. In our Second Reading Paul says that there\u00a0are a number of things which should characterize the life of a Christian:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\">1. Humility<br \/>\n2. Gentleness<br \/>\n3. Patience<br \/>\n4. Forbearance<br \/>\n5. Love<br \/>\n6. Unity<br \/>\n7. Peace<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Woah&#8230; now might be a good moment for an examination of conscience!<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;with all humility and gentleness&#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">In contemporary Greek thought,\u00a0<em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;humility&#8221;<\/span><\/em> wasn&#8217;t seen as a virtue. The Christian, on the other hand, views humility as a virtue chiefly because of the example of Christ:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>In your relationships with one another, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">have the same mindset as Christ Jesus<\/span>:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Who, being in very nature\u00a0God,\u00a0<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0did not consider equality with God\u00a0something to be used to his own advantage;<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>rather, he <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">made himself nothing<\/span>\u00a0<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0by <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">taking the very nature\u00a0of a servant<\/span>,\u00a0<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0being made in human likeness.\u00a0<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>And being found in appearance as a man,<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">he humbled himself<\/span><\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0by becoming <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">obedient to death<\/span>\u00a0\u2014<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0even death on a cross!<\/em> &#8211; Philippians 2:5-8<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">In exhorting us to humility, Paul is exhorting us to imitate Christ.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;with patience, &#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Lord give me patience&#8230;now!<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;bearing with one another through love, <em>striving to preserve the unity of the spirit through the bond of peace:\u00a0<\/em>&#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Love, which is given by Christ in the Holy Spirit, is the glue which binds Christians together.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;one body&#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">All believers are united together in one <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">visible<\/span> Body, the Church:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>\u201cWhat is this one body? They are <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">the faithful throughout the world<\/span> \u2013 in the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">present<\/span>, in the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">past<\/span> and in the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">future<\/span>. &#8230;So we too take the term \u2018body\u2019 as an expression of unity\u201d<\/em> &#8211;\u00a0Saint John Chrysostom (A.D. 392-397), Homilies On The Epistle To The Ephesians<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;and one Spirit, &#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The Spirit animates the body:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>The body\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">does exist apart from its enlivening spirit<\/span>, else it would\u00a0not be a body. <\/em>&#8211;\u00a0Saint John Chrysostom (A.D. 392-397), Homilies On The Epistle To The Ephesians<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;as you were also called to the one hope of your call; <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Paul spoke about this earlier at the beginning of the letter:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>And you also were included in Christ\u00a0when you heard the message of truth,\u00a0the gospel of your salvation. When you believed, you were <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">marked in him with a seal<\/span>,\u00a0the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">promised Holy Spirit<\/span>,<span style=\"font-size: 11.111111640930176px\">\u00a0<\/span>who is a <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">deposit guaranteeing our inheritance<\/span>\u00a0until <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">the redemption\u00a0of those who are God\u2019s possession<\/span>\u2014to the praise of his glory.<\/em> &#8211; Ephesians 1:13-14<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The Holy Spirit is the deposit on our future glorious inheritance in Heaven.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;one Lord, &#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">This refers to Jesus, the head of the Body referred to earlier:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>If you declare\u00a0with your mouth, \u201c<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Jesus is Lord<\/span>,\u201d\u00a0and believe\u00a0in your heart that God raised him from the dead,\u00a0you will be saved<\/em>\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0Romans 10:9<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The declaring that\u00a0<span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>&#8220;Jesus Christ is Lord&#8221;<\/em><\/span>\u00a0was probably the earliest and most primitive Christian creed.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;one faith, &#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The Church is to be united in belief:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">Timothy, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">guard what has been entrusted\u00a0to your care<\/span>. Turn away from godless chatter\u00a0and the opposing ideas of what is falsely called knowledge,\u00a0which some have professed and in so doing have <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">departed from the faith<\/span><\/span><\/em><span style=\"color: #993300\">. &#8211; 1 Timothy 6:20-21<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><em><sup>\u00a0<\/sup><span style=\"color: #993300\">I appeal to you, brothers and sisters,\u00a0in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that all of you <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">agree with one another<\/span> in what you say and that there be <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">no divisions among you<\/span>,\u00a0but that you be <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">perfectly united\u00a0in mind and thought<\/span>.<\/span><\/em><span style=\"color: #993300\"> &#8211; 1 Corinthians 1:10<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">We declare a common faith at each Mass when we recite the Nicene Creed.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;one baptism; &#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">We are joined together in Baptism:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;for <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">all of you<\/span> who were <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">baptized into Christ<\/span>\u00a0have <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">clothed yourselves with Christ<\/span>.\u00a0There is <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">neither Jew nor Gentile, neither slave nor free,\u00a0nor is there male and female,\u00a0for you are all one in Christ Jesus<\/span>&#8230;<\/em>&#8211; Galatians 3:27-29<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>\u201c<\/em><em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">The Lord is one and God is one<\/span><\/em><em>, because the dominion of the Father and of the Son is <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">one divinity<\/span>. Moreover the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">faith too is said to be one<\/span>, because we believe likewise in Father and in Son and in Holy Spirit. And there is <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">one Baptism<\/span>, for it is <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">in one and the same way that we are baptized in the Father and in the Son and in the Holy Spirit<\/span>. And we are dipped three times so that the one Sacrament of the Trinity may be made apparent. And we are not baptized in the names of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, but <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">in one name, which one name we know to be God<\/span>\u201d<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; Saint Jerome (A.D. 436), Commentaries On The Epistle To The Ephesians, 2,4,5,6-7<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;one God and Father of all, who is over all and through all and in all.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">We are united into a family.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Gospel: John 6:1-15<\/h3>\n<p>In this year&#8217;s Lectionary we are generally reading from Mark. However, for the next five weeks, we will be reading from John&#8217;s Gospel.\u00a0Although we&#8217;ve switched Gospels, today&#8217;s Reading picks up chronologically\u00a0from last week, when Jesus took pity on the crowd for <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;they were like sheep without a shepherd&#8221;<\/span><\/em>. In this week&#8217;s Gospel the Good Shepherd does what any good shepherd does, He ensures His flock is well-fed. He does this through the multiplication of loaves.<\/p>\n<p>The multiplication of the loaves is the only miracle (apart from the Resurrection)\u00a0that is recounted in all four Gospels. This demonstrates its significance in the minds of the Evangelists and the Apostolic Church. When the people experienced this miracle, they no doubt thought of the Prophet Elijah who performed a similar miracle, as we heard in our First Reading. However, Jesus&#8217; miracle is superior in three ways:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>1. Initial Number of Loaves<\/strong><br \/>\nElisha: 20 loaves<br \/>\nJesus: 5 loaves<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>2. Number of people<\/strong><br \/>\nElisha: 100 men<br \/>\nJesus:~5,000 men<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>3. Amount left over<\/strong><br \/>\nElisha: <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;some&#8221;<\/span><\/em><br \/>\nJesus: 12 baskets<\/p>\n<p>Jesus FTW!\u00a0This is fitting, given Jesus&#8217; higher status than Elijah:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>Observe the difference between the servant and the lord. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">The Prophets<\/span> received grace, as it were, by measure, and <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">according to that measure performed their miracles<\/span>: whereas <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Christ<\/span>, working this by <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">His own absolute power<\/span>, produces a kind of <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">super abundant result<\/span>\u00a0&#8211; <\/em>St. John Chrysostom<\/span><\/p>\n<p>As mentioned above, the multiplication of loaves points to something even greater which takes place on our altars each Sunday&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">Jesus went across the Sea of Galilee. A large crowd followed him, because they saw the signs he was performing on the sick. Jesus went up on the mountain, and there he sat down with his disciples. The Jewish feast of Passover was near. When Jesus raised his eyes and saw that a large crowd was coming to him, he said to Philip, &#8220;Where can we buy enough food for them to eat?&#8221; He said this to test him, because he himself knew what he was going to do. Philip answered him, &#8220;Two hundred days?&#8217; wages worth of food would not be enough for each of them to have a little.'&#8221; One of his disciples, Andrew, the brother of Simon Peter, said to him, &#8220;There is a boy here who has five barley loaves and two fish; but what good are these for so many?&#8221; Jesus said, &#8220;Have the people recline.&#8221; Now there was a great deal of grass in that place. So the men reclined, about five thousand in number. Then Jesus took the loaves, gave thanks, and distributed them to those who were reclining, and also as much of the fish as they wanted. When they had had their fill, he said to his disciples, &#8220;Gather the fragments left over, so that nothing will be wasted.&#8221; So they collected them, and filled twelve wicker baskets with fragments from the five barley loaves that had been more than they could eat. When the people saw the sign he had done, they said, &#8220;This is truly the Prophet, the one who is to come into the world.&#8221; Since Jesus knew that they were going to come and carry him off to make him king, he withdrew again to the mountain alone.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;text-align: center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/feeding-of-the-five-thousand.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/feeding-of-the-five-thousand.jpg\" alt=\"feeding of the five thousand\" width=\"432\" height=\"296\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Questions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Why is the crowd following Jesus at the moment?<\/li>\n<li>What question does Jesus ask?<\/li>\n<li>What responses does He receive?<\/li>\n<li>What does Jesus tell them to do?<\/li>\n<li>What does He Himself then do? Where do we find this pattern repeated?<\/li>\n<li>How much is left over. What is the significance of this?<\/li>\n<li>How do the people react?<\/li>\n<li>Who is the <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;prophet&#8221;<\/span><\/em> they speak of?<\/li>\n<li>What do the people want to do? How does Jesus respond to this?<\/li>\n<li>What is the spiritual lesson of this Gospel? To what does this passage point?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Commentary:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Jesus went across the Sea of Galilee. <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">In some Bibles you may find it say the <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;Sea of Tiberias&#8221;<\/span><\/em>:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>This sea has <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">different names<\/span>, from the different places with which it is connected; the sea of Galilee, from the province; <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">the sea of Tiberias<\/span>, from the city of that name. It is called a sea, though it is <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">not salt water<\/span>, that name being applied to <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">all large pieces of water, in Hebrew<\/span>. This sea our Lord often passes over, in going to preach to the people bordering on it.<\/em> &#8211; Alcuin<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;Sea of Tiberias&#8221;<\/span><\/em> was probably its official Roman name, whereas <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;Sea of Galilee&#8221;<\/span><\/em> was probably its popular name.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>A large crowd followed him, because they saw the signs he was performing on the sick.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The crowd is attracted by these miracles:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>He goes from place to place to try the dispositions of people, and excite a desire to hear Him: And a great multitude followed Him, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">because they saw His miracles<\/span> which He did on them that were diseased.<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; Theophyl<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The synoptic Gospels (Matthew, Mark &amp; Luke) \u00a0give details concerning these\u00a0miracles, but John does not.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>Observe, in a whole year, the Evangelist has told us of <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">no miracles of Christ<\/span>, except His healing the impotent man, and the nobleman\u2019s son. His object was to give <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">not a regular history<\/span>, but only a few of the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">principal acts of our Lord<\/span><\/em>\u00a0&#8211; St. John Chrysostom<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Instead, John describes only seven miracles:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<ol>\n<ol>\n<li>Turning water into wine at Cana (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=John%202:1-11&amp;version=NIV\">John 2:1-11<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li>Healing of the Official&#8217;s son (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=John%204:46-54&amp;version=NIV\">John 4:46-54<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li>Healing of the cripple at the Pool of Bathesda (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=John%205:1-18&amp;version=NIV\">John 5:1-18<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li>Feeding of the multitude (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=John%206:5-14&amp;version=NIV\">John 6:5-14<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li>Healing of the blind man (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=John%209:1-7&amp;version=NIV\">John 9:1-7<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li>Raising of Lazarus (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=John%2011:1-45&amp;version=NIV\">John 11:1-45<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/ol>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">He also uses the word <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;sign&#8221;<\/span><\/em> rather than <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;miracle&#8221;<\/span><\/em>. This is because John wants to show us that these miracles point to realities beyond that of the current situation.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>His giving sight to the blind, and other like miracles. And it should be understood, that all, whom He healed in body, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">He renewed likewise in soul<\/span>.<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; Alcuin<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Jesus went up on the mountain, and there he sat down with his disciples. <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">In the Old Testament, many encounters with God take place on Mountains. It is on Mt. Sinai that the Ten Commandments are given to Moses. It is at the Sermon on the Mount that Jesus gives the Beatitudes.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>The Jewish feast of Passover was near. <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The Passover was the feast of the Jewish people which commemorated their deliverance from slavery in Exodus (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=Exodus%2012&amp;version=NIV\">Exodus 12<\/a>).\u00a0John mentions three Passovers in his Gospel:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\">1. \u00a0Cleansing of the Temple after the wedding of Cana (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=John%202:13-23&amp;version=NIV\">John 2:13-23<\/a>)<br \/>\n2. Today&#8217;s Reading (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=John%206:4&amp;version=NIV\">John 6:4<\/a>)<br \/>\n3. The Crucifixion (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=John%2011:55&amp;version=NIV\">John 11:55<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The\u00a0Last Supper and the Crucifixion will take place on Passover when Jesus, the <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;lamb of God&#8221;<\/span><\/em> (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=John%201:29&amp;version=NIV\">John 1:29<\/a>) will free mankind from slavery of sin. Jesus will transform the Passover celebration into the celebration of the Eucharist.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>His refreshing the people shortly before the Passover\u00a0signifies our <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">refreshment by the bread of the divine word; and the body and blood<\/span>, i.e. our\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">spiritual passover<\/span>, by which we\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">pass over from vice to virtue<\/span>\u00a0<\/em>&#8211; Alcuin<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>When Jesus raised his eyes and saw that a large crowd was coming to him, &#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Jesus has fed them with His teaching and He will now do the same with food. Note here the parallel with the Mass: Liturgy of Word and then Liturgy of the Eucharist.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>he said to Philip, &#8220;Where can we buy enough food for them to eat?&#8221;\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">It is appropriate that Jesus asked Philip since he came from nearby Bethsaida. It&#8217;s always good to ask a local where to eat&#8230; \ud83d\ude09<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Remember that a couple of weeks ago Jesus had sent the Twelve out to preach and heal. When he did this, He taught them to rely on providence:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em><sup>\u00a0<\/sup>These were his instructions:\u00a0\u201c<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Take nothing<\/span> for the journey except a staff\u2014<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">no bread<\/span>, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">no bag<\/span>, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">no money<\/span> in your belts<span style=\"font-size: 11px\">\u00a0<\/span><\/em>&#8211;\u00a0Mark 6:8<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Had they yet learnt to trust in God&#8217;s providence?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">(There is another parallels with Moses here: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=Numbers%2011:13-15&amp;version=NIV\">Numbers 11:13-15<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em><em>He said this to test him, because he himself knew what he was going to do.<\/em><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Jesus knew what was going to happen:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>He was <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">not ignorant<\/span> of His disciple\u2019s heart Himself<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; Theophyl<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>One kind of temptation leads to sin, with which God never tempts any one; and there is another kind by which <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">faith is tried<\/span>. In this sense it is said that Christ proved His disciple. This is not meant to imply that He did not know what Philip would say; but is an <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">accommodation to men\u2019s way of speaking<\/span><\/em>\u00a0&#8211; St. Augustine<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>But why did He ask Philip that question? Because He knew that His disciples, and he especially, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">needed further teaching<\/span>&#8230; And if the miracle had been performed at once, without any <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">introduction<\/span>, the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">greatness of it would not have been seen<\/span>. The disciples were made to <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">confess their own inability<\/span>, that they might <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">see the miracle more clearly<\/span>; And this He said to prove him.<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; St. John\u00a0Chrysostom<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Philip answered him, &#8220;Two hundred days?&#8217; wages worth of food would not be enough for each of them to have a little.'&#8221; <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">This would have been about two hundred denarii.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>Thus tried by our Lord, Philip was found to be <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">possessed which human notions<\/span><\/em> &#8211; Theophyl<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">(Again, there is a very similar response to the episode with Moses: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=%20Numbers%2011:22&amp;version=NIV\">Numbers 11:22<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>One of his disciples, Andrew, the brother of Simon Peter, said to him, &#8220;There is a boy here who has five barley loaves and two fish; but what good are these for so many?&#8221; <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Barley loaves were the food of the poor.\u00a0Andrew steps up and offers what they have&#8230;but then doubts \ud83d\ude41<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>Andrew is in the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">same perplexity that Philip is<\/span>; only he has <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">rather higher notions<\/span> of our Lord<\/em> &#8211; Theophyl<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>Probably He had some reason in his mind for this speech. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">He would know of Elijah\u2019s miracle<\/span>, by which a hundred men were fed with twenty loaves. This was a great step; but here he stopped. He did not rise any higher. For his next words are, But what are these among so many? He thought that <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">less could produce less in a miracle<\/span>, and more more; a great mistake\u00a0<\/em>&#8211; St. John Chrysostom<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The Early Church Fathers saw spiritual meanings in the boy and the gifts offered:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><strong>1. The Barley<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 120px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em><em>Barley is the\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">food of cattle and slaves<\/span>: and the\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">old law<\/span>\u00a0was given to slaves and cattle, i.e. to carnal men&#8230;<\/em>\u00a0<em>And well is it said, &#8220;But what are these among so many?&#8221; <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">The Law was of little avail, till He took it into His hand<\/span>, i.e. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">fulfilled it<\/span>, and <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">gave it a spiritual meaning<\/span>. The Law made nothing perfect<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; St. Bede<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 120px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>The five barley loaves <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">signify the old law<\/span>; either because <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">the law was given to men not as yet spiritual<\/span>, but carnal, i.e. under the dominion of the five senses, (the multitude itself consisted of five thousand:) or because the Law itself was <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">given by Moses in five books<\/span>. And the loaves being of <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">barley<\/span> is also an allusion to the Law, which concealed <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">the soul\u2019s vital nourishment<\/span>, under carnal ceremonies. For <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">in barley the corn itself is buried under the most tenacious husk<\/span>. Or, it alludes to the people who were <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">not yet freed from the husk of carnal appetite<\/span>, which cling to their heart.<\/em> &#8211; St. Augustine<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><strong>2. The Fish<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 120px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>The two fishes again, that gave the pleasant taste to the bread, seem to signify <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">the two authorities by which the people were governed<\/span>, the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Royal<\/span>, viz. and the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Priestly<\/span>; both of which <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">prefigure our Lord<\/span>, who sustained both characters<\/em> &#8211; St. Augustine<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 120px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>Or, by the two fishes are meant the saying or <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">writings of the Prophets, and the Psalmist<\/span>\u00a0<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; St. Bede<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><strong>3. The Boy<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 120px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>The boy who had these is perhaps <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">the Jewish people<\/span>, who, as it were, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">carried the loaves and fishes<\/span> after a servile fashion, and <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">did not eat them<\/span>. That which they carried, while shut up, was <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">only a burden to them<\/span>; <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">when opened became their food<\/span><\/em> &#8211; St. Augustine<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">In summary:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>The <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">five loaves<\/span> are the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">five books of the Torah<\/span>, the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">two fish<\/span> are the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Prophets and Psalms<\/span>, and the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">young boy<\/span> is the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Jewish people<\/span>. When Jesus receives these OT Scriptures from the Jews, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">he breaks open their deeper, spiritual meanings to refresh the multitudes<\/span><\/em>\u00a0&#8211; St. Bede, Hom. in Evan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Jesus said, &#8220;Have the people recline.&#8221; <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">This was the custom:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>Sit down, i.e. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">lie down, as the ancient custom was<\/span>, which they could do, as there was much grass in the place.<\/em> &#8211; Alcuin<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Now there was a great deal of grass in that place. <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Since we know it was Passover, we know it was springtime.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>It was the time of the Passover, which was kept the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">first month of the spring\u00a0<\/span><\/em>&#8211; Theophyl<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">I&#8217;m reminded of our psalm from <a title=\"Sunday Lectionary: If you want something done properly\u2026\" href=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/2012\/07\/19\/if-you-want-something-done-properly\/\">last week<\/a> where we are told that the Lord lays his sheep down <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;in green pastures&#8221;<\/span><\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>So the men reclined, about five thousand in number. <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">This number does not include women and children:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>The number of those who ate was about five thousand men, besides women and children\u00a0<\/em>&#8211; Matthew 14:21<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">So the number He fed was even greater!<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Then Jesus took the loaves, gave thanks, and distributed them to those who were reclining, and also as much of the fish as they wanted.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The Synoptic Gospels add the detail that it was the Apostles who did the distributing, as Jesus allows them to participate in His ministry.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The Greek verb for <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;gave thanks&#8221;<\/span><\/em>\u00a0in Greek is <em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;eucharisteo&#8221;<\/span><\/em>, from which we derive the word <em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;Eucharist&#8221;<\/span><\/em>. In fact, the same sequence of events is described here as described at the Last Supper: <span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;took&#8230;thanks&#8230;distributed..&#8221;<\/em><\/span> (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=Matthew%2026:26;%20Mark%2014:22;%20Luke%2022:19;%201%20Corinthians%2011:25.&amp;version=NIV\">Matthew 26:26; Mark 14:22; Luke 22:19; 1 Corinthians 11:25<\/a>). It is clear that the Evangelists have the Last Supper in mind as they speak about this.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>He multiplied in His hands the five loaves, just as He produces harvest out of a few grains. There was a <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">power in the hands of Christ<\/span>; and those five loaves were, as it were, seeds, not indeed committed to the earth, but multiplied by Him who made the earth.<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; St. Augustine<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">In multiplying the bread (matter), we have definitive proof of the goodness of creation:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>This passage confounds the Manicheans, who say that bread and all such things were created by an evil Deity. The Son of the good God, Jesus Christ, multiplied the loaves. Therefore they could not have been naturally evil; <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">a good God would never have multiplied what was evil<\/span>.<\/em> &#8211; Theophyl<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>When they had had their fill, he said to his disciples, &#8220;Gather the fragments left over, so that nothing will be wasted.&#8221; So they collected them, and filled twelve wicker baskets with fragments from the five barley loaves that had been more than they could eat. <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Notice that in the text John focuses on the bread, not mentioning the fish. This is because he is using this incident to focus upon the Eucharist and prepare his readers for the &#8220;Bread of Life&#8221; discourse which comes up next.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/loaves-and-fishes-mosaic.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/loaves-and-fishes-mosaic.jpg\" alt=\"loaves and fishes mosaic\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The <span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;baskets&#8221;<\/em><\/span> were possibly the lunch baskets worn by the Apostles. The fact that there are twelve baskets full points back again to Moses and the Twelve Tribes of Israel and the Manna (also remember that nothing was to be wasted at the Passover either). I once heard it said that there was a <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ciborium_(container)\">ciborium<\/a>\u00a0per apostle!<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>Therefore they gathered them together, and filled twelve baskets with the fragments. This was not done for needless ostentation, but <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">to prevent men from thinking the whole a delusion<\/span>; which was the reason why He made use of an existing material to work from. But why did He give the fragments to His disciples to carry away, and not to the multitude? Because <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">the disciples were to be the teachers of the world, and therefore it was most important that the truth should be impressed upon them<\/span> &#8211;\u00a0<\/em>\u00a0St. John Chrysostom<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>And what are the fragments, but the parts which the people could not eat? An intimation, that <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">those deeper truths, which the multitude cannot take in, should be entrusted to those who are capable of receiving them, and afterwards teaching them to others; as were the Apostles<\/span>. For which reason twelve baskets were filled with them.<\/em> &#8211; St. Augustine<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>Baskets are used for servile work. The baskets here are the Apostles and their followers, who, though despised in this present life, are within <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">filled with the riches of spiritual sacraments<\/span>. The Apostles too are represented as baskets, because, that through them, the doctrine of the Trinity was to be preached in the four parts of the world. His not making new loaves, but multiplying what there were, means that <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">He did not reject the Old Testament, but only developed and explained it<\/span>.<\/em> &#8211; Alcuin<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>When the people saw the sign he had done, <\/em><em>they said, &#8220;This is truly the Prophet, the one who is to come into the world.&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The people are referring to the prophecy of Moses:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">The Lord your <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">God will raise up for you a prophet like me<\/span> from among you, from your fellow Israelites. You must listen to him\u00a0<\/span><\/em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8211; Deuteronomy 18:15<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">When John the Baptist appeared, people wanted to know if he was this prophet:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>They asked him, \u201cThen who are you? Are you Elijah?\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>He said, \u201cI am not.\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>\u201c<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Are you the Prophet<\/span>?\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>He answered, \u201cNo.\u201d <\/em>&#8211; John 1:21<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Jesus was indeed the Prophet, but much more than a prophet:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>Their expression, that should come into the world, shows that they expected the arrival of <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">some great Prophet<\/span>. And this is why they say, &#8220;This is of a truth that Prophet&#8221;: <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">the article<\/span> being put in the Greek, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">to show that He was distinct from other Prophets<\/span>.<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; St. John Chrysostom<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>Their faith being as yet weak, they only call our Lord a Prophet not knowing that <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">He was God<\/span>. But the miracle had produced considerable effect upon them, as it made them call our Lord that Prophet, singling Him out from the rest. They call Him a Prophet, because some of the Prophets had worked miracles; and properly, inasmuch as our Lord calls Himself a Prophet; It cannot be that a prophet perish out of Jerusalem.<\/em> &#8211; Alcuin<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;text-align: left\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Since Jesus knew that they were going to come and carry him off to make him king, he withdrew again to the mountain alone.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;text-align: left\">In wanting to to avoid the cross and make Him earthly king, the crowd imitate Satan (and Peter when he tries to prevent Jesus from going to the cross):<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 120px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Again, the devil took him to a very high mountain and showed him all the kingdoms of the world and their splendor.<sup>\u00a0<\/sup>\u201cAll this I will give you,\u201d he said, \u201cif you will bow down and worship me.\u201d<span style=\"font-size: 11px\">\u00a0<\/span>Jesus said to him,\u00a0\u201cAway from me, Satan!\u00a0For it is written: \u2018Worship the Lord your God, and serve him only.\u2019\u201d<\/em> &#8211;\u00a0<span style=\"text-align: left\">Matthew 4:8-10<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;text-align: left\">Jesus&#8217; kingdom is not of this world:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 120px;text-align: left\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">Jesus said,\u00a0\u201cMy kingdom\u00a0is not of this world. If it were, my servants would fight to prevent my arrest by the Jewish leaders.\u00a0But now my kingdom is from another place.\u201d<\/span><\/em><span style=\"color: #993300\"> &#8211; John 18:36<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Seventeenth Sunday in Ordinary Time: 29th July, 2012 The Readings this week focus on God&#8217;s gracious provision and in the First Reading and the Gospel this gracious provision is manifested through bread. In the First Reading, bread is multiplied by the Prophet Elisha and in the Gospel, bread is multiplied at the hands of Jesus. These Readings teach us trust<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[1358,662,746,676,1218,1353,269,614,2969,791,1359,1361,1360,661,1061],"class_list":["post-13165","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sunday-lectionary","tag-basket","tag-body","tag-bread","tag-church","tag-elijah","tag-elisha","tag-eucharist","tag-father","tag-featured","tag-fish","tag-loaves","tag-multiplication","tag-one","tag-spirit","tag-unity"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13165","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13165"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13165\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":56523,"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13165\/revisions\/56523"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13165"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13165"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13165"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}