{"id":12797,"date":"2012-07-10T07:00:29","date_gmt":"2012-07-10T14:00:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/?p=12797"},"modified":"2015-03-19T13:52:35","modified_gmt":"2015-03-19T20:52:35","slug":"travelling-light","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/2012\/07\/10\/travelling-light\/","title":{"rendered":"Sunday Lectionary: Travelling Light"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Fifteenth Sunday in Ordinary Time: July 15th, 2012<\/h2>\n<p>In our Lectionary this week we learn about the calling of the Prophet Amos, a regular blue-collar worker who was called by God to be a prophet to the Northern Kingdom of Israel, away from his home in the Kingdom of Judah.<\/p>\n<p>The notion of a &#8220;calling&#8221; is also found in our Second Reading. St. Paul says <span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;<em>In [Christ] we were also chosen,<\/em>\u00a0<em>destined in accord with the purpose of the One<\/em>\u00a0<\/span><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">who accomplishes all things&#8221;<\/span>. <\/em>In our baptism we too have been chosen and sent out\u00a0as prophets into the world, to preach a life-giving message which is so often received with nothing but hostility.<\/p>\n<p>Finally, in our Gospel Reading, Jesus sends out\u00a0His Twelve Apostles to preach and to heal, to advance the Kingdom of Heaven.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>A man of prayer is capable of everything. Hence it is very important that missioners dedicate themselves to this practice with great affection, because without it they will accomplish little or nothing, whereas through it, more than by letters or persuasive speech, they will be capable of touching hearts and winning souls to their Creator.<\/em> -St. Vincent de Paul<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Our Lord instructs the Apostles to &#8220;travel light&#8221;, taking only the simplest of supplies and to trust in the providence of God. Good advice for us all&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/Travelling-Light.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-12862\" src=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/Travelling-Light.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"504\" height=\"336\" srcset=\"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/Travelling-Light.jpg 800w, https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/Travelling-Light-300x199.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 504px) 100vw, 504px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<!--more--><\/p>\n<h3>Reading I:\u00a0Amos 7:12-15<\/h3>\n<p>Amos was a man from the town of Tekoa, just south of Bethlehem, in the Southern Kingdom of Judah. He worked as a <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;shepherd&#8221;<\/span><\/em> and a\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;dresser of sycamores&#8221;<\/em><\/span>. He was called by God to the Northern Kingdom of Israel during the reign of King Jeroboam II. It was a time of peace and prosperity, but also one of moral and religious degradation.<\/p>\n<p>Amos&#8217; message is one of the least hopeful in the prophetic literature. He is scathing of those in power: the rich, the priests and even the King himself. Amos declares that Israel has abused her\u00a0privileged\u00a0position. She has broken her covenant with God and will now be subject to the covenant curses.<\/p>\n<p>In the verses leading up to\u00a0this passage, we hear about a priest of Bethel by the name of <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;Amaziah&#8221;<\/span><\/em>. He sends two messages: the first he sends to the King, telling him what Amos has been proclaiming, and the second he sends to the prophet himself&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">Amaziah, priest of Bethel, said to Amos,\u00a0&#8220;Off with you, visionary, flee to the land of Judah!\u00a0There earn your bread by prophesying,\u00a0but never again prophesy in Bethel;\u00a0for it is the king&#8217;s sanctuary and a royal temple.&#8221;\u00a0Amos answered Amaziah, &#8220;I was no prophet,\u00a0nor have I belonged to a company of prophets;\u00a0I was a shepherd and a dresser of sycamores.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">The LORD took me from following the flock, and said to me,\u00a0Go, prophesy to my people Israel.&#8221;<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/Prophet-Amos.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-12856\" src=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/Prophet-Amos.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"275\" height=\"337\" srcset=\"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/Prophet-Amos.jpg 763w, https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/Prophet-Amos-244x300.jpg 244w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 275px) 100vw, 275px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Questions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>What do you know about Amos? Where was he from? What was his job? Where was he sent by God?<\/li>\n<li>Who was <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;Amaziah&#8221;<\/span><\/em>? What kind of <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;priest&#8221;<\/span><\/em> was he?<\/li>\n<li>What is Amaziah&#8217;s message to Amos?<\/li>\n<li>What is Amos&#8217; response?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Commentary:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Amaziah, &#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The priest, the religious professional is about to rebuke the annoying foreign layman&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;Amaziah&#8221;<\/span><\/em> means <em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;Yahweh is mighty&#8221;<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;priest of Bethel,\u00a0<em>said to Amos&#8230;<\/em><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;Bethel&#8221;<\/em><\/span>\u00a0means <em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;House of God&#8221;<\/span> <\/em>(<em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;Beth&#8221;<\/span><\/em> = House, <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;El&#8221;<\/span><\/em> = God). It was located in the southern part of the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Northern<\/span> Kingdom, near the border.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;text-align: center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/Israel-and-Judah.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-12870\" src=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/Israel-and-Judah.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"413\" srcset=\"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/Israel-and-Judah.jpg 500w, https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/Israel-and-Judah-300x247.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">It was here in Bethel that Jeroboam had set up a golden calf and a priesthood:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>After seeking advice, the king made <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">two golden calves<\/span>.\u00a0He said to the people, \u201cIt is too much for you to go up to Jerusalem. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Here are your gods, Israel<\/span>, who brought you up out of Egypt.\u201d One he set up in <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Bethel<\/span>,\u00a0and the other in Dan.\u00a0And this thing became a sin;\u00a0the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">people came to worship<\/span> the one at Bethel and went as far as Dan to worship the other<span style=\"font-size: 11px\">.\u00a0<\/span>Jeroboam built shrines\u00a0on high places and <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">appointed priests\u00a0from all sorts of people, even though they were not Levites<\/span>.<\/em> &#8211;\u00a01 Kings 12:28-31<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Amaziah was one of these priests which Jeroboam setup. He was not a priest of Yahweh.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;Off with you, visionary, &#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Amaziah expresses contempt for Amos by calling him <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;visionary&#8221;<\/span><\/em>. He doesn&#8217;t take him seriously. He wants Amos to go away.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;flee to the land of Judah!\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Amaziah wants Amos to go home. He sees him as a foreigner meddling in matters that did not concern him.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>There earn your bread by prophesying, <\/em><em>but never again prophesy in Bethel;\u00a0<\/em><em>for it is the king&#8217;s sanctuary and a royal temple.&#8221;\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Bethel is the King&#8217;s sanctuary! It is his holy place! Get out!<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">There also seems to be an implication here that Amos is\u00a0prophesying\u00a0as simply a way of making a living. It is also possible that he is implying that somebody has hired him to prophesy against the king.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Amos answered Amaziah,\u00a0<\/em><em>&#8220;I was no prophet,\u00a0nor have I belonged to a company of prophets; \u00a0<em>I was a shepherd and a dresser of sycamores.\u00a0<em>The LORD took me from following the flock, and said to me,\u00a0Go, prophesy to my people Israel.&#8221;<\/em><\/em><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Amos responds to Amaziah&#8217;s message.\u00a0He points out that he is not a &#8220;professional&#8221; prophet. He was simply a blue-collar worker, but one who was called by God and sent by Him, the only credential that really matters.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Amos describes himself as both a shepherd and a <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;dresser of sycamores&#8221;<\/span><\/em>. \u00a0The <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ficus_sycomorus\">sycamore<\/a> of Egypt, a relative of the mulberry, produces a fig-like fruit. Wasps come and lay their seed in sycamore&#8217;s flowers. A <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;dresser of sycamores&#8221;<\/span><\/em> would cut the fruit open, thus exposing it to the air, preventing the fruit from becoming bitter and helping it to grow. One could easily see spiritual significance in the usual occupations of Amos:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><strong>A shepherd:<\/strong>\u00a0A guardian of sheep will now become the spiritual guardian of souls<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><strong>A Dresser of Sycamores:<\/strong>\u00a0A seasonal worker will now work as a prophet, puncturing the conscience of God&#8217;s people so that they may not remain bitter, but be sweet and be fruitful<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Responsorial Psalm:\u00a0Psalm 85:9-10, 11-12, 13-14<\/h3>\n<p>Our psalm this week focuses on listening to the Lord and the consequences of doing this, salvation.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">R. (8)\u00a0<strong>Lord, let us see your kindness, and grant us your salvation.<\/strong><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">I will hear what God proclaims;<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">the LORD &#8211;for he proclaims peace.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">Near indeed is his salvation to those who fear him,<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">glory dwelling in our land.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">Kindness and truth shall meet;<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">justice and peace shall kiss.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">Truth shall spring out of the earth,<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">and justice shall look down from heaven.\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">The LORD himself will give his benefits;\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #993300\">our land shall yield its increase.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">Justice shall walk before him,<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">and prepare the way of his steps.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Questions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>What plea does the psalmist make?<\/li>\n<li>What does God proclaim?<\/li>\n<li>To whom is the Lord&#8217;s salvation <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;near&#8221;<\/span><\/em>?<\/li>\n<li>How does the psalmist describe the consequences?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div>Commentary:<\/div>\n<div>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>R. (8)\u00a0<strong>Lord, let us see your kindness, and grant us your salvation.<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The psalmist pleas for the Lord&#8217;s <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;kindness&#8221;<\/span><\/em> and <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;salvation&#8221;<\/span><\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">I will hear what God proclaims;<\/span><\/em><span style=\"color: #993300\">\u00a0&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The psalmist will listen attentively.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;the LORD &#8211;for he proclaims peace.<\/em>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The Lord speaks of peace.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Near indeed is his salvation to those who fear him,<\/em>\u00a0<em>glory dwelling in our land.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Those who <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;fear&#8221;<\/span><\/em> the Lord are well-disposed to receive salvation.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">fear of the Lord\u00a0is to have loving reverence for Him and to be in awe of His power and majesty. It is a realisation that God is God and we are not. It is to trust in Him and be obedient to Him. In the Book of Proverbs we read\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>\u201cThe fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom\u201d \u2013 Proverbs 9:10<\/em><\/span>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Kindness and truth shall meet;<\/em>\u00a0<em>justice and peace shall kiss.<\/em>\u00a0<em>Truth shall spring out of the earth,<\/em>\u00a0<em>and justice shall look down from heaven.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The psalmist poetically personifies kindness, truth and justice. For Christians, all these come together and are fulfilled in the cross of Christ.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>The LORD himself will give his benefits;<\/em>\u00a0<em>&#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The Lord will bestow all these gifts upon His people. Again, we see the fulfillment of this in Christ. We find St. Paul talking about the blessings of God in the Second Reading.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;our land shall yield its increase.<\/em>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Read spiritually, this could refer to an increase in souls saved and in the inclusion of the Gentiles into God&#8217;s covenant.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;.Justice shall walk before him,<\/em>\u00a0<em>and prepare the way of his steps.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">A very similar description is given of John the Baptist:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>And you, my child, will be called a prophet\u00a0of the Most High;\u00a0<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0for <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">you will go on before the Lord to prepare the way for him<\/span>,\u00a0<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>to give his people the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">knowledge of salvation<\/span><\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0through the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">forgiveness of their sins<\/span>,\u00a0<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>because of the tender mercy of our God,<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0by which the rising sun\u00a0will come to us from heaven<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>to shine on those living in darkness<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0and in the shadow of death,\u00a0<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>to guide our feet into the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">path of peace<\/span>.\u201d<\/em> &#8211; Luke 1:76-79<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Reading II:\u00a0Ephesians 1:3-14<\/h3>\n<p>As hard as it is to believer, our Second Reading is actually just a single sentence in the Greek. It is a doxology expressing expressing the blessings which come through the Father, then the Son and finally through the Holy Spirit. It is a hymn of praise for God&#8217;s plan of salvation for the whole of creation.<\/p>\n<p>We do not know if the Ephesians were the first recipients of this letter since the earliest manuscripts we have do not mention Ephesus. It is possible that it was a circular letter to be read out in the congregations throughout Asia Minor. It is thought that Paul penned this letter during is imprisonment in Rome between\u00a0AD 61-63.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ,\u00a0<\/em><em>who has blessed us in Christ<\/em>\u00a0<em>with every spiritual blessing in the heavens,<\/em>\u00a0<em>as he chose us in him, before the foundation of the world,<\/em>\u00a0<em>to be holy and without blemish before him.<\/em>\u00a0<em>In love he destined us for adoption to himself through Jesus Christ,<\/em>\u00a0<em>in accord with the favor of his will,<\/em>\u00a0<em>for the praise of the glory of his grace<\/em>\u00a0<em>that he granted us in the beloved.<\/em>\u00a0<em>In him we have redemption by his blood,<\/em>\u00a0<em>the forgiveness of transgressions,<\/em>\u00a0<em>in accord with the riches of his grace that he lavished upon us.<\/em>\u00a0<em>In all wisdom and insight, he has made known to us<\/em>\u00a0<em>the mystery of his will in accord with his favor<\/em>\u00a0<em>that he set forth in him as a plan for the fullness of times,<\/em>\u00a0<em>to sum up all things in Christ, in heaven and on earth.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>In him we were also chosen,<\/em>\u00a0<em>destined in accord with the purpose of the One<\/em>\u00a0<em>who accomplishes all things according to the intention of his will,<\/em>\u00a0<em>so that we might exist for the praise of his glory,<\/em>\u00a0<em>we who first hoped in Christ.<\/em>\u00a0<em>In him you also, who have heard the word of truth,<\/em>\u00a0<em>the gospel of your salvation, and have believed in him,<\/em>\u00a0<em>were sealed with the promised holy Spirit,<\/em>\u00a0<em>which is the first installment of our inheritance<\/em>\u00a0<em>toward redemption as God&#8217;s possession, to the praise of his glory.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;text-align: center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/praise.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-12860\" src=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/praise.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"560\" height=\"373\" srcset=\"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/praise.jpg 800w, https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/praise-300x199.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 560px) 100vw, 560px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Questions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>How would you summarize what Paul says in this passage?<\/li>\n<li>How are we blessed?<\/li>\n<li>What is our goal and destination?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Commentary:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, &#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Paul begins by &#8220;blessing&#8221; the Father, a convention we find in other parts of Scripture and is known in Hebrew as a <em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;berakah&#8221;<\/span><\/em>:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Then Tobit spoke and composed a song of joyful praise; he said:\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Blessed be God<\/span> who lives forever,\u00a0because his kingship lasts for all ages.For he afflicts and shows mercy,\u00a0casts down to the depths of Hades,\u00a0brings up from the great abyss.\u00a0What is there that can snatch from his hand? &#8230;\u00a0<\/em>&#8211; Tobit 13:1-2<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The word\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;bless&#8221;<\/em><\/span>\u00a0can refer either to God&#8217;s goodness to us or our thanks to Him. In this case, it&#8217;s the latter.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em> <span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8230;who has blessed us in Christ<\/span><\/em><span style=\"color: #993300\">\u00a0<em>with every spiritual blessing in the heavens, &#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">We now turn to the second meaning of the word <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;bless&#8221;<\/span><\/em>. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">God<\/span> has blessed <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">us<\/span>. Through Jesus the Father\u00a0has blessed us with every spiritual good.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Throughout Paul&#8217;s writings we find the expression <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;in Christ&#8221;<\/span><\/em>, which indicates the intimate union believers have with Christ through His grace. He is the Head and we are His body.\u00a0The\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;heavens&#8221;<\/em><\/span>\u00a0refer to the spiritual realm where we are with Christ.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;as he chose us in him, before the foundation of the world,\u00a0<\/em><\/span><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>to be holy and without blemish before him.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">We have been chosen (<span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>&#8220;elected&#8221;<\/em><\/span>) to be holy.\u00a0This has always been part of God&#8217;s plan:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>Predestination can have\u00a0no other cause than the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">will of God alone<\/span>. And the sole motive for God&#8217;s predestinating will is to\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">communicate his divine goodness to others<\/span><\/em>\u00a0&#8211; St. Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on Ephesians 1,1<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Paul describes Christians here using the sacrifice language of the Old Testament (<em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;holy and without blemish&#8221;<\/span><\/em>):<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;If the offering is a burnt offering\u00a0from the herd,\u00a0you are to offer a male <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">without defect<\/span>.\u00a0You must present it at the entrance to the tent\u00a0of meeting so that it will be acceptable\u00a0to the\u00a0Lord&#8221;<\/em>&#8211; Leviticus 1:3<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">In his letter to the Romans Paul would explicitly describe the Christian life in sacrificial terms:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Therefore, I urge you,\u00a0brothers and sisters, in view of God\u2019s mercy, to offer your bodies as a living sacrifice,\u00a0holy and pleasing to God\u2014this is your true and proper worship.<\/em> &#8211; Romans 12:1<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The journey of holiness begins in Baptism and continues throughout this life and finds its completion in Heaven:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>\u201cIt is asked how anyone can be saintly and unblemished in God\u2019s sight. &#8230; We must reply <\/em><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>(that) Paul does not say &#8220;He chose us before the foundation of the world <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">on account of our <\/span><\/em><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">being saintly and unblemished<\/span>&#8220;. He chose us that we might <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">become<\/span> saintly and <\/em><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>unblemished, that is, that we who <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">were not formerly saintly<\/span> and unblemished <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">should <\/span><\/em><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">subsequently be so<\/span>.\u201d<\/em> &#8211; Saint Jerome (A.D. 386), Commentaries On The Epistle To The <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000\">Ephesians, 1,1,4<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Although we are called to cooperate, this is itself a work of grace:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>\u201c\u2018You have been chosen,\u2019 he says, \u2018in order to be holy and unblemished before His face.\u2019 &#8230; <\/em><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">He Himself has made us saints<\/span>, but we are called to <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">remain saints<\/span>. A saint is one who lives <\/em><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>in faith, is unblemished and leads a blameless life.\u201d<\/em> &#8211; Saint John Chrysostom (A.D. 392-397), <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000\">Homilies On The Epistle To The Ephesians, 1,1,4<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>In love he destined us for adoption to himself through Jesus Christ,\u00a0<\/em><em>in accord with the favor of his will,<\/em>\u00a0&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">God desires the whole world:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>This is good, and pleases God our Savior, who <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">wants all people to be saved<\/span> and to come to a knowledge of the truth.<\/em> &#8211; 1 Timothy 2:3-4<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">God&#8217;s motivation is also described here, love:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>\u201cSo that our love for Him may become more fervent, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">He desires nothing from us except our salvation<\/span>. He <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">does not need our service<\/span> or anything else but does everything for this end. One who openly expresses praise and wonder at God\u2019s grace will be more eager and zealous.\u201d<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; Saint John Chrysostom (A.D. 392-397), Homilies On The Epistle To The Ephesians, 1,1,6<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Through His love expressed in His <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">unique Son<\/span>, Jesus, we become <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">adopted<\/span> sons and daughters.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>The Spirit you received does not make you slaves, so that you live in fear again; rather, the Spirit you received brought about <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">your adoption to sonship<\/span>. And by him we cry, \u201c<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Abba, Father<\/span>.\u201d<\/em> &#8211;\u00a0Romans 8:15<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;for the praise of the glory of his grace<\/em>\u00a0<em>that he granted us in the beloved.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The result of this is the praise to the Father for the grace given through His Son.\u00a0This is a common theme in Ephesians. Man responds to revelation with praise.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Jesus is described here as\u00a0<em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;the beloved&#8221;<\/span><\/em>, a term used to describe Him at His baptism:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em><sup>\u00a0<\/sup>And there came a voice from heaven, saying, Thou art my <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">beloved<\/span> Son, in whom I am well pleased.<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; Mark 1:11 (KJV)<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>In him we have redemption by his blood,\u00a0<\/em><em>the forgiveness of transgressions,<\/em>\u00a0<em>in accord with the riches of his grace that he lavished upon us.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">We have been redeemed, set free from captivity and slavery to sin:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>\u00a0But when the set time had fully come, God sent his Son, born of a woman, born under the law, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">to redeem those under the law<\/span>, that we might receive <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">adoption to sonship<\/span>. Because you are his sons, God sent the Spirit of his Son into our hearts, the Spirit who calls out, \u201cAbba, Father.\u201d<\/em> &#8211;\u00a0Galatians 4:4-6<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Divine redemption is played out in the book of Exodus when God rescues Israel from Egypt when the lamb&#8217;s blood afforded them protection. This is a &#8220;type&#8221; for Christian salvation from sin.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">We are redeemed by the blood of Christ and our sins are forgiven:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>\u201c<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Forgiveness of sins follows redemption<\/span>, for there would be no forgiveness of sin for anyone before redemption occurs. First then we need to be <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">redeemed<\/span>, to be no longer subject to our captor and oppressor, so that having been freed and taken out of his hands <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">we may be able to receive the benefit of remission of sins<\/span>. Once our <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">wounds have been healed<\/span> we are <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">called to live in accord with piety<\/span> and the other virtues.\u201d<\/em> &#8211; Origen (post A.D. 244), Commentaries On Ephesians<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>In all wisdom and insight, he has made known to us<\/em>\u00a0<em>the mystery of his will in accord with his favor<\/em>\u00a0<em>that he set forth in him as a plan for the fullness of times,<\/em>\u00a0<em>to sum up all things in Christ, in heaven and on earth.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Later in Ephesians this <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;mystery&#8221;<\/span><\/em> will be explained in more detail, the gathering of the Jews and Gentiles into Christ&#8217;s Body,\u00a0the Church.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>In him we were also chosen,<\/em>\u00a0<em>destined in accord with the purpose of the One<\/em>\u00a0<em>who accomplishes all things according to the intention of his will,<\/em>\u00a0<em>so that we might exist for the praise of his glory,<\/em>\u00a0<em>we who first hoped in Christ.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">We were chosen for God&#8217;s praise and glory.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Paul uses the word\u00a0<em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;we&#8221;<\/span><\/em>, and in the next verse, <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;you&#8221;<\/span><\/em>. There are a number of possible interpretations:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\">1. It is quite likely that Paul is using the word <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;we&#8221;<\/span><\/em> to refer to Jewish Christians and\u00a0<em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;you&#8221;<\/span><\/em> refers to Gentile Christians.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\">2. Alternatively, the <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;we&#8221;<\/span><\/em> may instead refer to Christians known to Paul and the <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;you&#8221;<\/span><\/em> refer to those he does not know.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\">3. Another option is that <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;we&#8221;<\/span><\/em> refers to those who have been Christian for some time and the <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;you&#8221;<\/span><\/em>\u00a0refers to new converts.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">I personally think the first explanation makes the most sense (<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;we who first hoped in Christ&#8221;<\/em><\/span>).<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>In him you also, who have heard the word of truth,<\/em>\u00a0<em>the gospel of your salvation, and have believed in him,<\/em>\u00a0<em>were sealed with the promised holy Spirit,<\/em>\u00a0<em>which is the first installment of our inheritance<\/em>\u00a0<em>toward redemption as God&#8217;s possession, to the praise of his glory.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">A <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;seal&#8221;<\/span><\/em> is a mark of ownership and protection. Roman solders would be marked with the seal of their company, showing to whom they belonged and from whom they afforded protection. Rather than being\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u00a0physically<\/span>\u00a0sealed, Christians are <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;sealed&#8221;<\/span><\/em>\u00a0invisibly with the Holy Spirit, in much the same way that in the Old Covenant one was <span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;sealed&#8221;<\/em><\/span> with circumcision:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>In him you were also <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">circumcised with a circumcision not performed by human hands<\/span>. Your whole self ruled by the flesh was put off when you were <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">circumcised by Christ<\/span>, having been <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">buried with him in baptism<\/span>, in which you were also raised with him through your faith in the working of God, who raised him from the dead.<\/em> &#8211;\u00a0Colossians 2:11-12<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The Spirit is described as &#8220;the first installment of our inheritance&#8221;. It is a pledge or down payment, the beginning of the blessing which will find fulfillment in Heavne:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>\u201cHe shows how great are our expectations. This grace is already being given, through which\u00a0miracles were worked: the dead were raised, lepers cleansed and demons driven out. All of these and similar things have the status of a <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">pledge<\/span>, so it will become obvious that <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">the faithful will enjoy in the future a much greater grace.<\/span>\u201d<\/em> &#8211; Theodoret of Cyr (ca. A.D. 425), Epistle To The Ephesians, 1.14<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a id=\"gospel\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Gospel: Mark 6:7-13<\/h3>\n<p>Our Gospel picks up from last week when Jesus returned to Nazareth and was confronted by the unbelief of His own people. He now sends the Twelve Apostles out two-by-two to the surrounding villages in Galilee:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">Jesus summoned the Twelve and began to send them out two by two<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">and gave them authority over unclean spirits.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">He instructed them to take nothing for the journey<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">but a walking stick&#8211;<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">no food, no sack, no money in their belts.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">They were, however, to wear sandals<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">but not a second tunic.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">He said to them,<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;Wherever you enter a house, stay there until you leave.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">Whatever place does not welcome you or listen to you,<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">leave there and shake the dust off your feet<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">in testimony against them.&#8221;<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">So they went off and preached repentance.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">The Twelve drove out many demons,<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">and they anointed with oil many who were sick and cured them.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Questions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Who are <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;the Twelve&#8221;<\/span><\/em>?<\/li>\n<li>In what grouping does Jesus send them out? Why do you think He does this?<\/li>\n<li>What does He give them?<\/li>\n<li>What does He tell them to take?<\/li>\n<li>What are His instructions concerning lodging?<\/li>\n<li>What should they do in places where they are unwelcome?<\/li>\n<li>What was the content of their preaching? \u00a0What did they do?<\/li>\n<li>What can we see happening in this passage?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/Sending-of-the-twelve.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-12861\" src=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/Sending-of-the-twelve.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"327\" srcset=\"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/Sending-of-the-twelve.jpg 400w, https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/07\/Sending-of-the-twelve-300x245.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<p>Commentary:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">Jesus summoned the Twelve&#8230;<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">These were the Twelve Apostles which Jesus chose earlier in Mark&#8217;s Gospel:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">He appointed twelve<\/span>\u00a0that they might <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">be with him<\/span> and that he might <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">send them out to preach<\/span> and to <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">have authority to drive out demons<\/span>.\u00a0These are the twelve he appointed: <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 120px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Simon (to whom he gave the name Peter),\u00a0James son of Zebedee and his brother John (to them he gave the name Boanerges, which means \u201csons of thunder\u201d), Andrew, Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, Simon the Zealot and Judas Iscariot, who betrayed him.<\/em> &#8211; Mark 3:14-19<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">As we can see, although Jesus had many disciples, He had a special mission for the Twelve&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8230;and began to send them out two by two..<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Why did Jesus send them out in pairs? I think we can say that it was for both practical and spiritual reasons:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\">1. Safety, support and encouragement<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\">2. The Law required at least two witnesses in matters of life and death (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=Deuteronomy%2019:6&amp;version=NIV\">Deuteronomy 19:6<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Here is what some Church Fathers have to say on the matter:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>Again He sends the Apostles two and two\u00a0that <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">they might become more active<\/span>; for, as say&#8217;s the Preacher, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Two are better than one<\/span>. But if He had sent <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">more than two<\/span>, that there would <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">not have been a sufficient number<\/span> to allow of their being sent to many villages.<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; Theophyl<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>Further, the Lord sent the disciples to preach, two and two, because <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">there are two precepts of charity<\/span>, namely, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">the love of God<\/span>, and of our <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">neighbor<\/span>, and charity cannot be between less than two; by this therefore He implies to us, that <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">he who has not charity towards his neighbor, ought in no way to take upon himself the office of preaching<\/span>.\u00a0<\/em>&#8211; St. Gregory<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">During the discussion on Thursday it was pointed out that:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;For where\u00a0two\u00a0or\u00a0three\u00a0gather in\u00a0my\u00a0name, there am I with them.\u201d<\/em> &#8211; Matthew 18:20<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The word <em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;apostle&#8221;<\/span><\/em>, literally means <em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;[one who is] sent&#8221;<\/span><\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u00a0<em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8230;and gave them authority over unclean spirits.\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">What Jesus has done, His disciples will now do.\u00a0Jesus gives special,\u00a0privileged\u00a0authority to the Twelve.\u00a0They have a unique sharing in His ministry:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>&#8230;as <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">He Himself<\/span> had healed every sickness and every infirmity,\u00a0so <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">also He gave the same power to His disciples<\/span>&#8230; Whatever [Jesus] does is done\u00a0in His <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">own<\/span> power, as Lord; if they do anything, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">they confess their own weakness and\u00a0the power of the Lord<\/span>, saying in the name of Jesus, Arise, and walk.<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; St. Bede<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Jesus is extending His ministry through the Twelve. We see the same thing in the Acts of the Apostles and even today throughout the Church.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">He instructed them to take nothing for the journey\u00a0but a walking stick&#8211;\u00a0no food, no sack, no money in their belts.\u00a0They were, however, to wear sandals\u00a0but not a second tunic.\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">They will go out trusting entirely in the providence of God, rather than their own human resources:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>For such should be the preacher&#8217;s <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">trust in God<\/span>, that, though He takes no thought for supplying his own wants in this present world, yet he should feel most <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">certain<\/span> that <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">these will not be left unsatisfied<\/span> lest whilst his mind is taken up with temporal things, he should provide less of eternal things to others<\/em> &#8211; St. Bede<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Part of the reason for this was to demonstrate the integrity of their preaching:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>The Lord also gives them this command, that they might show by <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">their mode of life<\/span>, how <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">far removed they were from the desire of riches<\/span>.<\/em> &#8211; Pseudo-Chrysostom<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>Instructing them also by this means <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">not to be fond of receiving gifts<\/span>, in order too that these, who saw them <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">preach poverty<\/span>, might be <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">reconciled to it when they saw<\/span> that the Apostles themselves possessed <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">nothing<\/span><\/em> &#8211; Theophyl<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">St. Augustine points out that living off charity was not a universal rule for apostles. We know this because St. Paul supported himself by taking a job:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><em><span style=\"color: #000000\">From this it is evident, that <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">the Lord did not mean by this precept that the Evangelists ought to live only on the gifts of those to whom they preach the Gospel<\/span>, else the Apostle transgressed this precept when He procured his livelihood, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">the labor of his own hands<\/span>, but He meant that He had given them a power, in virtue of which, they might be assured, these things were due to them. <\/span><\/em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8211; St. Augustine<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">\u00a0There is a discrepancy between Mark&#8217;s Gospel and the others concerning the <span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;staff&#8221;<\/em><\/span>:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><em><span style=\"color: #000000\">It is also often asked, how it comes that Matthew and Luke have related that the Lord commanded His disciples <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">not to carry even a staff<\/span>, whilst Mark says, &#8220;And he commanded them that they should take nothing for their journey, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">save a staff only<\/span>&#8220;. Which question is <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">solved<\/span>, by supposing that <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">the word &#8216;staff&#8217; has a meaning in Mark<\/span>, who says that it ought to be carried, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">different from that which it bears in Matthew and Luke<\/span>, who affirm the contrary.<\/span><\/em><span style=\"color: #000000\"> &#8211; St. Augustine<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">St. Augustine resolves the problem thus:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><em><span style=\"color: #000000\">For in a concise way one might say, &#8220;<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Take none of the necessaries of life with you, nay, not a staff, save a staff only<\/span>&#8220;; so that the saying, &#8220;nay not a staff&#8221;; may mean, &#8220;<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">nay not the smallest thing<\/span>&#8220;; but that which is added, &#8220;save a staff only&#8221;, may mean that, through the power received by them from the Lord, of which a rod is the ensign, nothing, even of those things which they do not carry, will be wanting to them. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">The Lord therefore said both<\/span>, but because one Evangelist has not given both, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">men suppose<\/span>, that he who has said that the staff, in one sense, should be taken, is <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">contrary<\/span> to him who again has declared, that, in another sense, it should be left behind: now however that a reason has been given, let no one think so. &#8211; <\/span><\/em><span style=\"color: #000000\">St. Augustine<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The reference to the <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;second tunic&#8221;<\/span><\/em>\u00a0implies that God will provide lodgings (a second tunic would be used for warmth when outside cold nights).<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">This verse sets the stage for the later feeding of the multitudes.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">He said to them,\u00a0&#8220;Wherever you enter a house, stay there until you leave.\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">This is to prevents social climbing:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>&#8230;it is inconsistent with the preaching of the kingdom of heaven to <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">run about from house to house<\/span>.<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; St. Bede<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">Whatever place does not welcome you or listen to you,\u00a0leave there and shake the dust off your feet\u00a0in testimony against them.&#8221;\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">At the time, Palestinian Jews would shake the dust off their feet when leaving the &#8220;unclean&#8221; Gentile territories prior to entering the Holy Land.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Shaking off the dust is a warning against those who have rejected the Word of God.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>This the Lord commands them, that they might show that they had walked a long way <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">for their sakes<\/span>, and to <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">no purpose<\/span>. Or, because they <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">received nothing from them<\/span>, not even dust, which they shake off, that it might be a <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">testimony against them<\/span>, that is, by way of convicting them.<\/em> &#8211; Theophyl<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">So they went off and preached repentance.\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">They preach the same message as John the Baptist&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>And so John the Baptist\u00a0appeared in the wilderness, preaching a baptism of <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">repentance<\/span>\u00a0for the forgiveness of sins.<\/em> &#8211; Mark 1:4<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">&#8230;and Jesus&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em><sup>\u00a0<\/sup>After John\u00a0was put in prison, Jesus went into Galilee,\u00a0proclaiming the good news of God.\u00a0\u201cThe time has come,\u201d\u00a0he said.\u00a0\u201cThe kingdom of God has come near. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Repent<\/span> and believe\u00a0the good news!\u201d<\/em> &#8211;\u00a0Mark 1:14-15<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">&#8230;and the Apostolic Church&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>When the people heard this, they were cut to the heart and said to Peter and the other apostles, \u201cBrothers, what shall we do?\u201d<sup>\u00a0<\/sup>Peter replied, \u201c<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Repent<\/span> and be baptized,\u00a0every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins.\u00a0And you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.<\/em> &#8211; Acts 2:37-38<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">&#8230;and the same is true today. The Church will forever issue the call to repentance (<em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;metanoia&#8221;<\/span><\/em>), to the turning away from sin and towards God.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">The Twelve drove out many demons,\u00a0and they anointed with oil many who were sick and cured them.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">What Jesus did, the Apostles do. One might almost say that they are acting\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/In_persona_Christi\">in Persona Christi<\/a>&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Oil was used in the ancient world as medicine:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>He went to him and bandaged his <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">wounds<\/span>, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">pouring on oil<\/span> and wine<\/em> \u00a0&#8211; Luke 10:34<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">St. Cyprian speaks in general terms about oil:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>It is necessary for him that has been baptized also to be <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">anointed<\/span>, so that by his having received <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">chrism<\/span>, that is, the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">anointing<\/span>, he can be the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">anointed of God<\/span> and have in himself the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">grace of Christ<\/span>. But in turn, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">it is by the Eucharist that the oil with which the baptized are anointed is sanctified on the altar<\/span>. He that has <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">neither altar nor church<\/span>, however, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">is not able to sanctify that creature, oil<\/span>. Thus there can be <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">no spiritual anointing among the heretics<\/span>, since it is evident that <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">oil cannot be sanctified nor can the Eucharist<\/span> be celebrated among them at all.\u201d<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; Saint Cyprian of Carthage (A.D. 254), Letter To Januarius And Seventeen Other Bishops Of Numidia, 70,2<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Points to the Sacrament of the Sick. and the Sacrament of the Church:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>Wherefore it is evident from the Apostles themselves, that <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">it is an ancient custom of\u00a0the holy Church that persons possessed or afflicted with any disease whatever, should be anointed with oil consecrated by priestly blessing<\/span>.<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; St. Bede<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>And they cast out many devils, and anointed with oil many that were sick, and healed them. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Mark alone mentions their anointing with oil<\/span>. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">James<\/span> however, in his canonical <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Epistle<\/span>, says a thing s<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">imilar<\/span>. For oil both refreshes our labors, and gives us light and joy; but again, oil signifies the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">mercy<\/span> of the unction of God, the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">healing<\/span> of infirmity, and the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">enlightening<\/span> of the heart, the whole of which is worked by prayer.<\/em> &#8211; Pseudo-Chrysostom<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 120px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Is anyone among you sick? Let them call the elders\u00a0of the church to <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">pray over them and anoint them with oil\u00a0in the name of the Lord<\/span>.\u00a0And the prayer offered in faith\u00a0will make the sick person <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">well<\/span>; the Lord will raise them up. If they have sinned, they will be forgiven.<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; James 5:14-15<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Fifteenth Sunday in Ordinary Time: July 15th, 2012 In our Lectionary this week we learn about the calling of the Prophet Amos, a regular blue-collar worker who was called by God to be a prophet to the Northern Kingdom of Israel, away from his home in the Kingdom of Judah. The notion of a &#8220;calling&#8221; is also found in our<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[1319,254,2969,1322,1323,1321,120,1320],"class_list":["post-12797","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sunday-lectionary","tag-amos","tag-blessing","tag-featured","tag-mission","tag-oil","tag-pair","tag-prophet","tag-two"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12797","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12797"}],"version-history":[{"count":23,"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12797\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":56225,"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12797\/revisions\/56225"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12797"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12797"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12797"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}