{"id":11135,"date":"2012-04-24T21:44:58","date_gmt":"2012-04-25T04:44:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/?p=11135"},"modified":"2015-03-19T15:25:43","modified_gmt":"2015-03-19T22:25:43","slug":"saving-shepherd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/2012\/04\/24\/saving-shepherd\/","title":{"rendered":"Sunday Lectionary: Saving Shepherd"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #888888\"><em>Producing these Lectionary Notes has been taking too long again. Therefore I&#8217;m giving myself a time limit of a few hours. Let&#8217;s do this&#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Fourth Sunday of Easter: April 29th, 2012<\/h2>\n<p>The Readings at Mass this week focus around the person of Jesus Christ and his unique, fundamental place in Salvation History. In our First Reading, St. Peter boldly proclaims that <span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;<\/span><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">There is no salvation through anyone else&#8221;<\/span>. <\/em>In our Psalm we sing the words quoted by Peter in that speech to the Sanhedrin, declaring that Jesus is <span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;the stone rejected by the builders [which] has become the cornerstone&#8221;<\/em><\/span>.\u00a0In the Gospel Reading, Jesus declares that He is <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;the good shepherd&#8221;<\/span><\/em>\u00a0 who <span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;lays down his life for the sheep&#8221;<\/em><\/span>\u00a0and, as we hear in our Second Reading, because of this we may truly be called\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;the children of God&#8221;<\/em><\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>At this Sunday&#8217;s Mass, confident in the goodness of our Shepherd, let us firmly put our trust in Him.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>The LORD is my shepherd, I lack nothing.<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em> He makes me lie down in green pastures, he leads me beside quiet waters, he refreshes my soul.<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em> He guides me along the right paths for his name\u2019s sake.<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em> Even though I walk through the darkest valley, I will fear no evil, for you are with me; your rod and your staff, they comfort me.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>You prepare a table before me in the presence of my enemies.<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em> You anoint my head with oil; my cup overflows.<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em> Surely your goodness and love will follow me all the days of my life,<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em> and I will dwell in the house of the LORD forever<\/em> &#8211; Psalm 23<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/shepherd-leading-sheep-featured.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"234\" \/><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Reading I: Acts 4:8-12<\/h2>\n<p>During this Easter Season we have been reading about the story of the Early Church in the Acts of the Apostles.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/2012\/04\/17\/a-father-who-keeps-his-promises\/\">Last week<\/a>, we heard the preaching of Peter to the crowd after the healing of a lame beggar. This\u00a0spectacle\u00a0attracted the attention of the Temple Guard and the\u00a0Sadducees. Peter and John were arrested and thrown in jail for the night.<\/p>\n<p>In the morning they were brought before <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;&#8230;the rulers, the elders and the teachers of the law&#8221;<\/span><\/em>, as well as <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;Annas the high priest&#8221;<\/span><\/em> (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=Acts%204:1-6&amp;version=NIV\">Acts 4:1-6<\/a>):<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">Peter, filled with the Holy Spirit, said:\u00a0&#8220;Leaders of the people and elders:\u00a0If we are being examined today\u00a0about a good deed done to a cripple,\u00a0namely, by what means he was saved,\u00a0then all of you and all the people of Israel should know\u00a0that it was in the name of Jesus Christ the Nazorean\u00a0whom you crucified, whom God raised from the dead;\u00a0in his name this man stands before you healed.\u00a0He is the stone rejected by you, the builders,\u00a0which has become the cornerstone.\u00a0There is no salvation through anyone else,\u00a0nor is there any other name under heaven\u00a0given to the human race by which we are to be saved.&#8221;<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;text-align: center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11182\" src=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/peter_preaching.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"404\" height=\"237\" srcset=\"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/peter_preaching.jpg 404w, https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/peter_preaching-300x175.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 404px) 100vw, 404px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Questions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>What is the context of this passage? What were the events leading up to it?<\/li>\n<li>How is it that Peter, a humble fisherman, is able to preach so forcefully to the Jewish establishment?<\/li>\n<li>How does Peter say that the lame beggar was healed?<\/li>\n<li>How does Peter describe Jesus?<\/li>\n<li>Why does Peter refer to Jesus as <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;the stone rejected&#8221;<\/span><\/em>? What does this mean?<\/li>\n<li>What claim does Peter make at the end?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Commentary:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Peter, filled with the Holy Spirit, <em>said:\u00a0&#8220;Leaders of the people and elders: &#8230;<\/em><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Peter, a humble fisherman, is able to speak to the Jewish establishment with such boldness only through the power of the Holy Spirit.\u00a0The work of the Spirit is constantly emphasized throughout Acts of the Apostles.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Peter is speaking to the Sanhedrin, all those in important positions in the Temple. Jesus promised that this would happen:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>\u00a0\u201c<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">When you are brought before synagogues, rulers and authorities<\/span>, do not worry about how you will defend yourselves or what you will say,\u00a0for the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Holy Spirit<\/span> will teach you at that time what you should say.\u201d<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; Luke 12:11-12<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">These words of Jesus should give us comfort. It doesn&#8217;t excuse us from growing in our faith, but it does mean that when we speak out in His name we are not alone and have the Spirit to guide us.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>If we are being examined today\u00a0about a good deed done to a cripple, &#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">It was really more about their preaching Jesus and the resurrection from the dead:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>The priests and the captain of the temple guard and the Sadducees came up to Peter and John while they were speaking to the people.\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">They were greatly disturbed because the apostles were teaching the people, proclaiming in Jesus the resurrection of the dead<\/span><\/em> &#8211; Acts 4:1-2<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;namely, by what means he was saved, &#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The Greek word <em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;sozo&#8221;<\/span><\/em> can mean either <em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;saved&#8221;<\/span><\/em> or <em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;healed&#8221;<\/span><\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;then all of you and all the people of Israel should know\u00a0that it was in the name of Jesus Christ&#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Peter pulls no punches. He openly says that the man was healed in the name of Jesus Christ.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;the Nazorean&#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">As in, Jesus from\u00a0Nazareth:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;text-align: center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-11215\" src=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/nazareth.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"199\" height=\"228\" srcset=\"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/nazareth.gif 284w, https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/nazareth-261x300.gif 261w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 199px) 100vw, 199px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;whom you crucified, &#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Again, Peter pulls no punches. This sermon follows the very consistent pattern found <a title=\"Sunday Lectionary: A Father who keeps His Promises\" href=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/2012\/04\/17\/a-father-who-keeps-his-promises\/\">elsewhere<\/a> in Acts)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;whom God raised from the dead;\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">This is the same message Peter preached to the crowds.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;in his name this man stands before you healed.\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">All of this happened because of Jesus. The man stands before them as proof that what they say is true.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>He is the stone rejected by you, the builders,\u00a0which has become the cornerstone.\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Here Peter is paraphrasing of one of the psalms (which we hear next at Mass):<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>The stone the builders rejected\u00a0has become the cornerstone<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; Psalm 118:22<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;text-align: center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/cornerstone.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/cornerstone.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"280\" height=\"210\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Jesus Himself quoted this psalm and saw Himself as this stone:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">Haven\u2019t you read this passage of Scripture:<\/span><span style=\"color: #993300\">\u00a0\u201c\u2018The stone the builders rejected\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #993300\">has become the cornerstone;\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #993300\">the Lord has done this,\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #993300\">and it is marvelous in our eyes\u2019<\/span><span style=\"color: #993300\">?\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/em><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Then the chief priests, the teachers of the law and the elders looked for a way to arrest him because they knew he had spoken the parable against them&#8230;<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; Mark 12:10-12<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Jesus is rejected not only by the Jewish establishment, but even disowned by Peter, the man now quoting this psalm!<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Then Peter remembered the word Jesus had spoken: \u201cBefore the\u00a0rooster\u00a0crows, you will disown me three times.\u201d And he went outside and wept bitterly.<\/em> &#8211; Matthew 26:75<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">In his first epistle, St. Peter takes up again this imagery of the rejected stone:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>\u00a0As you come to him, the living Stone\u2014rejected by humans but chosen by God and precious to him\u2014\u00a0you also, like living stones, are being built into a spiritual house\u00a0to be a holy priesthood, offering spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through Jesus Christ.\u00a0For in Scripture it says:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 120px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>\u201cSee, I lay a stone in Zion,\u00a0a chosen and precious cornerstone, and the one who trusts in him\u00a0will never be put to shame.\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Now to you who believe, this stone is precious. But to those who do not believe:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 120px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>\u201cThe stone the builders rejected\u00a0has become the cornerstone,<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>and,<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 120px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>\u201cA stone that causes people to stumble\u00a0and a rock that makes them fall.\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>They stumble because they disobey the message\u2014which is also what they were destined for\u201d<\/em> &#8211; 1 Peter 2:4-7\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">In this epistle St. Peter is painting the picture of the Church. He describes it as a building which is being constructed, a temple (<em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;a spiritual house&#8221;<\/span><\/em>) in which a <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;holy priesthood&#8221;<\/span><\/em>\u00a0offer <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;spiritual sacrifices&#8221;<\/span><\/em>. Every Christian is a <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;living stone&#8221;<\/span><\/em> in this building, built upon the Jesus Christ, <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;the cornerstone&#8221;<\/span><\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">St. Paul also takes up this building imagery himself in his letter to the Ephesians:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Consequently, you are no longer foreigners and strangers, but fellow citizens with God\u2019s people and also members of his household,\u00a0built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, with Christ Jesus himself as the chief cornerstone.\u00a0In him the whole building is joined together and rises to become a holy temple in the Lord.\u00a0And in him you too are being built together to become a dwelling in which God lives by his Spirit<\/em>. &#8211; Ephesians 2:19-22<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The setting of Peter&#8217;s speech to the Sanhedrin is fitting since within that generation the Temple would be destroyed by the invading Roman army (AD 70).<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>There is no salvation through anyone else, &#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Peter declares Jesus&#8217; unique role in history. This would be preached by all the Apostles, including St. Paul:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>For there is one God and one mediator between God and mankind, the man Christ Jesus<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; 1 Timothy 2:5<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">This text is affirms the exclusive role of Jesus in the salvation of the world.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;nor is there any other name under heaven\u00a0given to the human race by which we are to be saved.&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">\u00a0The name of Jesus is invoked in Acts of the Apostles in the healing and performing of miracles.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The Aramaic name given to our Lord (when transliterated into English) is <em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;Yeshua&#8221;<\/span><\/em>\u00a0(Joshua) and means <span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>&#8220;The Lord saves&#8221;<\/em><\/span>. When this name was rendered in the Greek New Testament, the word <em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;Iesous&#8221;<\/span><\/em>\u00a0was used. Later, when the Greek manuscripts were translated into Latin, it was was rendered <em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;Iesus&#8221;<\/span><\/em>. In modern English this has become\u00a0<em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;Jesus&#8221;<\/span><\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Responsorial Psalm: Psalm 118:1, 8-9, 21-23, 26, 28, 29<\/h2>\n<p>Our Psalm this week is the one quoted by St. Peter in our First Reading. It is a song of thanksgiving for deliverance and may have originally been sung after a military victory or after returning from exile.\u00a0This psalm also has an important place in the Passover liturgy,\u00a0sung between the 3rd and 4th cup at the Passover meal (&#8220;The Great\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hallel\">Hallel<\/a>&#8220;).<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">R. (22) The stone rejected by the builders has become the cornerstone.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"> Give thanks to the LORD, for he is good,<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">for his mercy endures forever.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">It is better to take refuge in the LORD<\/span>\u00a0<em><span style=\"color: #993300\">than to trust in man.<\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"> It is better to take refuge in the LORD<\/span>\u00a0<em><span style=\"color: #993300\">than to trust in princes.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"> I will give thanks to you, for you have answered me<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">and have been my savior.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">The stone which the builders rejected<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">has become the cornerstone.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">By the LORD has this been done;<\/span>\u00a0<em><span style=\"color: #993300\">it is wonderful in our eyes.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\"> Blessed is he who comes in the name of the LORD;\u00a0<\/span><\/em><span style=\"color: #993300\">we bless you from the house of the LORD.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">I will give thanks to you, for you have answered me<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">and have been my savior.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">Give thanks to the LORD, for he is good;<\/span>\u00a0<em><span style=\"color: #993300\">for his kindness endures forever.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Questions:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\n<li>What is the theme of this psalm?<\/li>\n<li>In what context is this psalm sung by Jews today?<\/li>\n<li>How does this psalm relate to the First Reading?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Commentary:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><strong><em>R. (22) The stone rejected by the builders has become the cornerstone.<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;stone&#8221;<\/span><\/em> which was rejected by the <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;builders&#8221;<\/span><\/em>\u00a0 has become the most important and crucial stone.\u00a0The word rendered <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;cornerstone&#8221;<\/span><\/em>\u00a0 literally means <span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>&#8220;head of the corner&#8221;<\/em><\/span>\u00a0and can be used to refer to:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\">1. A large stone used as a lintel.<br \/>\n2. A large stone anchoring and aligning a corner<br \/>\n3. A keystone of an arch.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The word <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;cornerstone&#8221;<\/span><\/em>\u00a0 was used in the Old Testament as a metaphor for the ruler of a nation:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>The officials of Zoan have become fools,\u00a0the leaders of Memphis are deceived; the cornerstones of her peoples\u00a0have led Egypt astray<\/em> &#8211; Isaiah 19:13<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">When this psalm was initially composed it was probably referring to the relationship between Israel, her king (&#8220;anointed&#8221;) and other countries. The rulers of other nations, who were building for themselves massive kingdoms, looked down upon Israel and the Lord&#8217;s anointed king.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Unless the LORD builds the house, the builders\u00a0labor\u00a0in\u00a0vain. Unless the LORD watches over the city, the guards stand watch in\u00a0vain.<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; Psalm 127:1<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Little did these empire\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;builders&#8221;<\/em><\/span>\u00a0they know that the <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;stone&#8221;<\/span><\/em>\u00a0which they rejected by would become the <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;cornerstone&#8221; <\/span><\/em>. Israel would be crucial in the great work of the Lord.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Give thanks to the LORD, for he is good,<\/em>\u00a0<em>for his mercy endures forever.<\/em>\u00a0<em>It is better to take refuge in the LORD<\/em>\u00a0<em>than to trust in man.<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #993300\"> <em>It is better to take refuge in the LORD<\/em>\u00a0<em>than to trust in princes.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">God&#8217;s mercy lasts forever. The psalmist exhorts us to trust in the Lord rather than in men. This is exactly what Peter does in the First Reading.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>I will give thanks to you, for you have answered me<\/em>\u00a0<em>and have been my savior.<\/em>\u00a0<em>The stone which the builders rejected<\/em>\u00a0<em>has become the cornerstone.<\/em>\u00a0<em>By the LORD has this been done;<\/em>\u00a0<em>it is wonderful in our eyes.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">See above. This finds its fulfillment in Christ, the anointed.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Blessed is he who comes in the name of the LORD;<\/em>\u00a0<em>we bless you from the house of the LORD.<\/em>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The one who brings victory.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>I will give thanks to you, for you have answered me<\/em>\u00a0<em>and have been my savior.<\/em>\u00a0<em>Give thanks to the LORD, for he is good;<\/em>\u00a0<em>for his kindness endures forever.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">God has come through, has saved His people.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Reading II: 1 John 3:1-2<\/h2>\n<p>In our Second Reading we continue to read through St. John&#8217;s epistle.\u00a0John <a title=\"Sunday Lectionary: A Father who keeps His Promises\" href=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/2012\/04\/17\/a-father-who-keeps-his-promises\/\">previously<\/a> spoke about the saving advocacy of Christ and he\u00a0now speaks about membership of God&#8217;s family which is beautifully explained by Didymus the Blind:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>\u201c&#8230;John is exhorting his readers to recognize what it means to be born again of God. He tells them that they are now worthy to be loved as children of God,\u00a0even in this world, and that the adoption of sons is\u00a0a reality here and now. For since we now know in part and have the first fruits of the Spirit, we already have something of the adoption of sons and can see what the fullness of it will be like when it arrives.\u201d<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; Didymus the Blind (ca. A.D. 390), Commentary on 1 John<\/span><\/p>\n<p>The text is as follows:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">Beloved:\u00a0See what love the Father has bestowed on us\u00a0that we may be called the children of God.\u00a0Yet so we are.\u00a0The reason the world does not know us\u00a0is that it did not know him.\u00a0Beloved, we are God&#8217;s children now;\u00a0what we shall be has not yet been revealed.\u00a0We do know that when it is revealed we shall be like him,\u00a0for we shall see him as he is.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;padding-left: 30px\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-11183\" src=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/child-of-god.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"252\" height=\"252\" srcset=\"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/child-of-god.jpg 400w, https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/child-of-god-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/child-of-god-300x300.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 252px) 100vw, 252px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Questions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>From what may we derive our dignity?<\/li>\n<li>Why may we <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;be called children of God&#8221;<\/span><\/em>?<\/li>\n<li>In what way are we like Jesus?<\/li>\n<li>What does Paul say about the future?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Commentary:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Beloved:\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">John continues in his typical warm, fatherly manner.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>See what love the Father has bestowed on us\u00a0that we may be called the children of God.\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The love of God is John&#8217;s continuing theme. God loves us so much that He calls us His <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;children&#8221;<\/span><\/em>.\u00a0Jesus was the Father&#8217;s Son by nature, but we are <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">adopted<\/span>\u00a0children by <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">grace<\/span> received by <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">faith<\/span>:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Yet to all who did receive him, to those who believed in his name, he gave the right to become children of God<\/em> &#8211; John 1:12<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">We are incorporated into God&#8217;s family, the Church, in Baptism.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Yet so we are.\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">We are not just God&#8217;s children in name only.\u00a0We are His children in reality, <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;participat[ing] in the divine nature&#8221;<\/span><\/em>:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Through these he has given us his very great and precious promises, so that through them you may participate in the divine nature, having escaped the corruption in the world caused by evil desires.<\/em> &#8211; 2 Peter 1:4<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">God&#8217;s word is true. When He declares something to be true, it is. When He said <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;Let there there be light&#8221;<\/span><\/em>, it came to be and there was light (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=genesis%201:3&amp;version=NIV\">Genesis 1:3<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>The reason the world does not know us\u00a0is that it did not know him.\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The <span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;him&#8221;<\/span> mentioned here primarily refers to Jesus who said something very similar:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>\u201cIf the world hates you, keep in mind that it\u00a0hated\u00a0me\u00a0first&#8221;<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; John 15:18<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The world neither knew Jesus nor His Father:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;They will put you out of the synagogue; in fact, the time is coming when anyone who kills you will think they are offering a service to God.\u00a0They will do such things because they have not known the Father or me&#8221;<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; John 16:2-3<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">It should come as no surprise to Christians when the world treats them badly. It is to be expected.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Beloved, we are God&#8217;s children now;\u00a0what we shall be has not yet been revealed.\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">We are God&#8217;s children <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">now<\/span>, but the best is yet to come&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>We do know that when it is revealed we shall be like him,\u00a0for we shall see him as he is.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">All will eventually become clear.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>For now we see only a reflection as in a mirror; then we shall see face to face. Now I know in part; then I shall know fully, even as I am fully known<\/em>\u00a0&#8211;\u00a01 Corinthians 13:12<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Blessed are the pure in heart,\u00a0for they will see God<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; Matthew 5:8<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">We have yet to perceive the fullness of this gift of membership into God&#8217;s family:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Those who are victorious will inherit all this, and I will be their God and they will be my children<\/em> &#8211; Revelation 21:7<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Gospel: John 10:11-18<\/h2>\n<p>As in our First Reading, what we read here is a discourse following a miraculous healing. Jesus has just healed a blind man and the Jewish authorities, who are the shepherds of Israel, refuse to accept it:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300\">Jesus said:<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;I am the good shepherd.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">A good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">A hired man, who is not a shepherd<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">and whose sheep are not his own,<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">sees a wolf coming and leaves the sheep and runs away,<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">and the wolf catches and scatters them.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">This is because he works for pay and has no concern for the sheep.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">I am the good shepherd,<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">and I know mine and mine know me,<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">just as the Father knows me and I know the Father;<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">and I will lay down my life for the sheep.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">I have other sheep that do not belong to this fold.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">These also I must lead, and they will hear my voice,<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">and there will be one flock, one shepherd.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">This is why the Father loves me,<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">because I lay down my life in order to take it up again.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">No one takes it from me, but I lay it down on my own.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">I have power to lay it down, and power to take it up again.<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\">This command I have received from my Father.&#8221;<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-11184\" src=\"http:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/The-Good-Shepherd.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"398\" height=\"285\" srcset=\"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/The-Good-Shepherd.jpg 498w, https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/The-Good-Shepherd-300x214.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 398px) 100vw, 398px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Questions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>To whom is Jesus speaking?<\/li>\n<li>Who or what is represented by <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;shepherd&#8221;<\/span><\/em>, <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;sheep&#8221;<\/span><\/em>, <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;sheepfold&#8221;<\/span><\/em> and <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;stranger&#8221;<\/span><\/em>?<\/li>\n<li>Who are the other sheep Jesus speaks of?<\/li>\n<li>When did you first hear the shepherd&#8217;s voice?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Commentary:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Jesus said:\u00a0&#8220;I am the good shepherd.\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">What does a shepherd do? He guides his flock, provides food and defends it from danger. This is a perfect description of the work of Jesus:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>For this is what the Sovereign LORD says:\u00a0I myself will search for my sheep and look after them.\u00a0As a <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">shepherd<\/span> looks after his scattered flock when he is with them, so will I look after my sheep. I will rescue them from all the places where they were scattered&#8230;\u00a0I will bring them out from the nations&#8230; I will pasture them on the mountains of Israel&#8230;There they will lie down in good grazing land&#8230;\u00a0I myself will tend my sheep and have them lie down&#8230;\u00a0I will search for the lost and bring back the strays. I will bind up the injured and strengthen the weak&#8230;I will judge between one sheep and another, and between rams and goats.<\/em> &#8211; Ezekiel 34:11-17 <\/span>(Read the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=%20Ezekiel%2034:11-24&amp;version=NIV\">full text here<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">In the Old Testament, although Yahweh was ultimately Israel&#8217;s shepherd, He used several earthly shepherds, such as Moses, to guide His people. Moses&#8217; successor, Joshua, who shares our Lord&#8217;s name (see last note in the First Reading), was also a shepherd:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>\u201cMay the LORD&#8230;appoint someone over this community\u00a0to go out and come in before them, one who will lead them out and bring them in, so the LORD\u2019s people will not be like sheep without a shepherd.\u201d\u00a0So the LORD said to Moses, \u201cTake Joshua son of Nun, a man in whom is the spirit of leadership,\u00a0and lay your hand on him.<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; Numbers 27:16-18<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">But, of course, the most famous shepherd of the Old Testament is clearly King David:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>But David said to Saul, \u201cYour servant has been keeping his father\u2019s sheep. When a lion or a bear came and carried off a sheep from the flock,\u00a0\u00a0I went after it, struck it and rescued the sheep from its mouth. When it turned on me, I seized it by its hair, struck it and killed it.\u00a0\u00a0Your servant has killed both the lion and the bear; this uncircumcised Philistine will be like one of them, because he has defied the armies of the living God.\u00a0\u00a0The LORD who rescued me from the paw of the lion and the paw of the bear will rescue me from the hand of this Philistine.\u201d<\/em> &#8211; 1 Samuel 17:34-37<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Even from an early age David was willing to risk his life for the sheep of Israel in battling Goliath (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=1%20Samuel%2017:32&amp;version=NIV\">1 Samuel 17:32<\/a>). He would later become Israel&#8217;s great king and shepherd:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>And the LORD said to you, \u2018You will shepherd my people Israel, and you will become their ruler.\u2019\u201d<\/em> &#8211; 2 Samuel 5:2<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">In fact, the metaphor of\u00a0<span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;shepherd&#8221;<\/em>\u00a0<\/span> was also favoured by contemporary near-Eastern kings, who regarded themselves as the shepherd of their people. In contrast to these shepherds, Jesus is the\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">good<\/span>\u00a0shepherd.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">As an aside, I&#8217;ve heard this passage raised in apologetic arguments as &#8220;evidence&#8221; against Catholicism. I have heard the charge that, since Jesus is our Shepherd we shouldn&#8217;t have a Pope since he usurps the role which only Jesus should play. However, this assertion is in no way proved from this passage. The Pope, together with all the &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.etymonline.com\/index.php?term=pastor\">pastors<\/a>&#8221; of Christ&#8217;s Church, do not <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">replace<\/span>\u00a0Jesus as our Shepherd, but <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">share<\/span>\u00a0in shepherding work:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>There is but one Shepherd. For though the rulers of the Church, those who are her sons, and not hirelings, are shepherds, they are all members of that one Shepherd. His office of Shepherd He has permitted His members to bear. Peter is a shepherd, and all the other Apostles: all good Bishops are shepherds<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; St. Augustine<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">In this shepherding of souls the Bishop of Rome has a special role:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>\u00a0\u201cSimon, Simon, Satan has asked to sift all of you as wheat.\u00a0But I have prayed for you, Simon, that your faith may not fail. And when you have turned back, strengthen your brothers.\u201d<\/em> &#8211; Luke 22:31-32<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>When they had finished eating, Jesus said to Simon Peter, \u201cSimon son of John, do you love me more than these?\u201d \u201cYes, Lord,\u201d he said, \u201cyou know that I love you.\u201d Jesus said, \u201cFeed\u00a0my\u00a0lambs.\u201d<\/em> &#8211; John 21:15<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">There is even a <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">sense<\/span> in which we are <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">all<\/span>\u00a0called to be shepherds, in that we are <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">all<\/span> called\u00a0imitate\u00a0Jesus, to care, protect and love one another:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><em><span style=\"color: #000000\">And He adds what that goodness is, for our imitation: The good Shepherd gives His life for the sheep. He did what He bade, He set the example of what He commanded: He laid down His life for the sheep, that He might convert His body and blood in our Sacrament, and feed with His flesh the sheep He had redeemed.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>A path is shown us wherein to walk, despising death; a stamp is applied to us, and we must submit to the impression. Our first duty is to spend our outward possessions upon the sheep; our last, if it be necessary, is to sacrifice our life for the same sheep. Whoso does not give his substance to the sheep, how can he lay down his life for them?<\/em> &#8211; St. Gregory<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">None of this detracts from the fact that Christ is our true shepherd:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>Christ was not the only one who ho did this. And yet if they who did it are members of Him, one and the same Christ did it always. He was able to do it without them; they were not without Him<\/em> &#8211; St. Augustine<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>A good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep.\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Jesus did this at the crucifixion.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>A hired man, who is not a shepherd\u00a0and whose sheep are not his own, sees a wolf coming and leaves the sheep and runs away, &#8230; This is because he works for pay and has no concern for the sheep.\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Jesus contrasts himself with other shepherds. Israel had been placed in the care of many kings and leaders who were substandard shepherds. He probably has the Jewish leaders in mind here.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>Some there are who love earthly possessions more than the sheep, and do not deserve the name of a shepherd. He who feeds the Lord&#8217;s flock for the sake of temporal hire, and not for love, is an hireling, not a shepherd. An hireling is he who holds the place of shepherd, but seeks not the gain of souls, who pants after the good things of earth, and rejoices in the pride of station.<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; St. Gregory<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Jesus is the good shepherd because has has concern for the sheep whereas those other hired shepherds don&#8217;t care about the flock. The trouble is, they look very similar:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>But whether a man be a shepherd or an hireling, cannot be told for certain, except in a time of trial. In tranquil times, the hireling generally stands watch like the shepherd. But when the wolf comes, then every one shows with what spirit he stood watch over the flock.<\/em> &#8211; St. Gregory<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">St. Augustine has some great advice here:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>We must love the shepherd, beware of the wolf, tolerate the hireling. For the hireling is useful so long as he sees not the wolf, the thief, and the robber. When he sees them, he flees<\/em>&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>Indeed he would not be a hireling, did he not receive wages from the hirer. Sons wait patiently for the eternal inheritance of their father; the hireling looks eagerly for the temporal wages from his hirer; and yet the tongues of both speak abroad the glory of Christ.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>The hireling hurts, in that he does wrong, not in that he speaks right: the grape bunch hangs amid thorns; pluck the grape, avoid the thorn. Many that seek temporal advantages in the Church, preach Christ, and through them Christ&#8217;s voice is heard; and the sheep follow not the hireling, but the voice of the Shepherd heard through the hireling.<\/em> &#8211; St. Augustine<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">However, we must make a careful distinction here. There is a certain kind of &#8220;fleeing&#8221; which is allowed:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><em><span style=\"color: #000000\">But if the Apostles were shepherds, not hirelings, why did they flee in persecution? And why did our Lord say, &#8220;When they persecute you in this city, flee you into another&#8221;?<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><em><span style=\"color: #000000\">A servant of Christ, and minister of His Word and Sacraments, may flee from city to city, when he is specially aimed at by the persecutors, apart from his brethren; so that his flight does not leave the Church destitute. But when all, i.e. Bishops, Clerics, and Laics, are in danger in common, let not those who need assistance be deserted by those who should give it.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>Let all flee together if they can, to some place of security; but, if any are obliged to stay, let them not be forsaken by those who are bound to minister to their spiritual wants. Then, under pressing persecution, may Christ&#8217;s ministers flee from the place where they are, when none of Christ&#8217;s people remain to be ministered to, or when that ministry may be fulfilled by others who have not the same cause for flight. But when the people stay, and the ministers flee, and the ministry ceases, what is this but a damnable flight of hirelings, who care not for the sheep?<\/em> &#8211; St. Augustine<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;and the wolf catches and scatters them.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;wolf&#8221;<\/span><\/em> is symbolic of spiritual enemies:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8220;I know that after I leave, savage wolves will come in among you and will not spare the flock&#8221;<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; Acts 20:29<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>The wolf is the devil, and they that follow him; according to Matthew, Which come to you in sheep&#8217;s&#8217; clothing, but inwardly they are ravening wolves<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; St. Augustine<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The word <em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;devil&#8221;\u00a0<\/span><\/em>in Greek is\u00a0<em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;diabolos&#8221;<\/span><\/em>\u00a0and is related to the word &#8220;diaballo&#8221;\u00a0which means <em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;to tear apart&#8221;<\/span><\/em>. It is therefore no surprise that he is one who <em><span style=\"color: #993300\">&#8220;scatters&#8221;<\/span><\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>I am the good shepherd,\u00a0and I know mine and mine know me,\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Jesus expresses the intimacy of His relationship with His sheep.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;just as the Father knows me and I know the Father;\u00a0<em>and I will lay down my life for the sheep.\u00a0<\/em><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Jesus&#8217; relationship to His sheep is compared to Jesus&#8217; relationship with His father, the intimate relationship between two members of the Holy Trinity, joined together by love, the Holy Spirit. In the same way Jesus&#8217; disciples are joined to Him by the Spirit.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>And I lay down My life for My sheep. As if to say, This is why I know My Father, and am known by the Father, because I lay down My life for My sheep; i.e. by My love for My sheep, to show how much I love My Father.<\/em> &#8211; St. Gregory<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">At Jesus&#8217; arrest Jesus protected His disciples:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Again he asked them,\u00a0\u201cWho is it you want?\u201d\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>\u201cJesus of Nazareth,\u201d they said.\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Jesus answered,\u00a0\u201cI told you that I am he. If you are looking for me, then let these men go.\u201d<\/em> &#8211;\u00a0John 18:7-8<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">He was always the good shepherd.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>I have other sheep that do not belong to this fold.\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">This was foretold by Isaiah:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>The Sovereign LORD declares\u2014\u00a0he who gathers the exiles of Israel:\u00a0\u201cI will gather still others to them\u00a0besides those already gathered.\u201d<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; Isaiah 56:8<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Jesus is referring to the Gentiles (non-Jews).<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>The sheep hitherto spoken of are those of the stock of Israel according to the flesh. But there were others of the stock of Israel, according to faith, Gentiles, who were as yet out of the fold; predestinated, but not yet gathered together. They are not of this fold, because they are not of the race of Israel, but they will be of this fold: Them also I must bring&#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><em><span style=\"color: #000000\">What does He mean then when He says, &#8220;I am not sent but to the lost sheep of the house of Israel&#8221;? Only, that whereas He manifested Himself personally to the Jews, He did not go Himself to the Gentiles, but sent others<\/span><\/em><span style=\"color: #000000\">\u00a0&#8211; St. Augustine<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>These also I must lead, and they will hear my voice,\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">In the\u00a0ancient Middle East, shepherds did not \u201cdrive\u201d their sheep, they led them.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;and there will be one flock, &#8230;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Jesus&#8217; followers will be brought to unity, and for this He prayed:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Holy Father, protect them by the power of\u00a0your name, the name you gave me, so that they may be one as we are one.<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; John 17:11<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>Of two flocks He makes one fold, uniting the Jews and Gentiles in His faith<\/em> &#8211; St. Gregory<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The &#8220;marks&#8221; of the Church, as defined in the Council of Nicaea, are that she is <em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">one<\/span>, holy, catholic and apostolic&#8221;<\/span><\/em>. When we say in the Nicene Creed that the church is <em><span style=\"color: #000000\">&#8220;one&#8221;<\/span><\/em> we mean she is one in faith, worship and leadership, receiving her life from the one true God. This is the same kind of unity described by St. Paul:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>There is one body and one Spirit, just as you were called to one hope when you were called;\u00a0one Lord, one faith, one baptism;\u00a0one God and Father of all, who is over all and through all and in all.<\/em> &#8211; Ephesians 4:4-6<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">This was then echoed in the writings of the Fathers:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>For there is one sign of baptism for all, and one Shepherd, even the Word of God. Let the Manichean mark; there is but one fold and one Shepherd set forth both in the Old and New Testaments<\/em> &#8211; Theophyl<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>&#8230;one shepherd.\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">\u00a0Jesus is the shepherd:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>Now may the God of peace, who through the blood of the eternal covenant brought back from the dead our Lord Jesus, that great Shepherd of the sheep&#8230;<\/em> &#8211; Hebrews 13:20<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">The ministers of Christ&#8217;s Church share in this.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>This is why the Father loves me,\u00a0because I lay down my life in order to take it up again.\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">In this verse Jesus expresses the Trinitarian love:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>The Father does not bestow His love on the Son as a reward for the death He suffered in our behalf; but He loves Him, as beholding in the Begotten His own essence, whence proceeded such love for mankind.<\/em> &#8211; Theophyl<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>No one takes it from me, but I lay it down on my own.\u00a0<\/em><em>I have power to lay it down, and power to take it up again.\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\">Jesus&#8217; death was not an accident. Last week we asked the question\u00a0<span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>&#8220;Who brought about the death of Christ?&#8221;<\/em><\/span>\u00a0Jesus did! He purposefully\u00a0laid down His life.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>As they had often plotted to kill Him, He tells them their efforts will be useless, unless He is willing<\/em> &#8211; St. John Chrysostom<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><span style=\"color: #993300\"><em>This command I have received from my Father.&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>He only means His perfect agreement with His Father<\/em> &#8211; Theophyl<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><em>For the Word does not receive a command by word, but contains in Himself all the Father&#8217;s commandments. When the Son is said to receive what He possesses of Himself, His power is not lessened, but only His generation declared. The Father gave the Son every thing in begetting Him. He begat Him perfect.<\/em> &#8211; Alcuin<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Producing these Lectionary Notes has been taking too long again. Therefore I&#8217;m giving myself a time limit of a few hours. Let&#8217;s do this&#8230; Fourth Sunday of Easter: April 29th, 2012 The Readings at Mass this week focus around the person of Jesus Christ and his unique, fundamental place in Salvation History. In our First Reading, St. Peter boldly proclaims<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[1035,1055,1057,1054,2969,1060,1058,1062,1052,1056,277,1051,363,313,1053,1061,1059],"class_list":["post-11135","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sunday-lectionary","tag-acts-of-the-apostles","tag-builders","tag-children-of-god","tag-cornerstone","tag-featured","tag-flock","tag-good-shepherd","tag-hallel","tag-name","tag-rejected","tag-salvation","tag-sanhedrin","tag-sheep","tag-st-peter","tag-stone","tag-unity","tag-voice"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11135","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11135"}],"version-history":[{"count":56,"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11135\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":56479,"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11135\/revisions\/56479"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11135"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11135"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/restlesspilgrim.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11135"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}